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Flashcards

Hinduism

Aleasha Danderfer English 78 cards

Cards in this deck (78)

  1. 1The symbol Aum or Omembodies Absolute Reality or Brahman
  2. 2Hymn to Agnichanted in the course of Vedic sacrificial rituals which centered on fire
  3. 3The Creation (Nasadiya) Hymnsuggests that the source is beyond both the manifest and the unmanifest
  4. 4Isha Upanishadrefer to Absolute Reality, lord, brahman
  5. 5The Bhagavad-Gitapart of the Mahabharata, Gita promotes bhakti (loving devotion), a conversation between the warrior Arjuna and Krishna, not part of the main texts, most popular text
  6. 6The Laws of Manuin uential of the Dharma Shastras, texts that prescribe what constitutes righteous behavior (dharma), protect/ keep women
  7. 7The Yoga Sutra of Patanjalioldest existing systematic presentation of the philosophy of Yoga
  8. 8The Goddess Destroys the Buffalo Demon MahishaDevi-Mahatmaya (Glori cation of the Great Goddess) is embedded within the Markandeya Purana
  9. 9Puranasgenre of Hindu literature that contains cosmological and pseudo- historical information
  10. 10The Enlightened Selffinal section of the Vivekacudamani, best known of the writings attributed to Shankara,
  11. 11Vedantabranch of Indian philosophy that is primarily based on the interpretation of the Upanishads, and concerns itself with the true nature of the self (Atman), Absolute Reality (Brahman), and the relationship between them
  12. 12mokshaLiberation from the cycle of rebirth, gained by devotion, action, or knowledge. Achieved through insight not practice.
  13. 13Sayings of Ramakrishnacontributed to the rebirth of Hinduism after its centuries of domination under Muslim rulers
  14. 14Swami Vivekanandaparticipation at the Parliament of World Religions in 1893 in Chicago is regarded as pivotal in introducing Hinduism to a wide Western audience
  15. 15On Ahimsa(Conclusion of Mahatma Gandhi Autobiography) satyagraha: force of truth
  16. 164 castesBrahmins (priests)
    Kshatriya (warriors/ rulers)
    Vaishya (merchants)
    Shudra (laborers)
  17. 17Shrutidivinely heard, includes vedas
  18. 18lingacylindrical stone effigy of the male reproductive organ and symbol of shiva
  19. 19yonistone receptacle into which a linga is placed, effigy of female reproductive organ, devi
  20. 20svastikaancient symbol of wellbeing
  21. 21the 4 vedasrig, sama, yajur, atharva. take their name from first portions (samhitas) hymn collections of deity praise
  22. 22first and oldest vedarig veda samhita
  23. 23Brahmanasmethods for sacrificial rituals (yajnas)
  24. 24Aranyakasforest texts, value of renouncing social life and retreating to nature
  25. 25Shrutiheard, vedas, divinely composed
  26. 26Vedantacomposed of bhagavad gita and upanishads, school of philosophy
  27. 27Dharma Shastrastexts which reflect social values, smriti (remembered), includes Laws of Manu
  28. 28MahabharataThe great epic of India, contains the Bhagavad Gita
  29. 29Mahadevi or DeviAmalgamation of all goddesses, supreme power that animates the cosmos.
  30. 30Puranas (ancient writings)contains tales of Shiva, Vishnu, and the Devi, reflect rise of bhakti traditions
  31. 31Tantras textsCharacterized by secrecy, oral teachings, coded and can only be deciphered by an initiated expert. They criticize orthodox practices.
  32. 32Ahimsanonviolence
  33. 33UpanishadsLast portion of each of the Vedic texts, contains philosophical speculation about the nature of reality, the relationship between the Atman and Brahman, and Moksha
  34. 34Bhagavad GitaA portion of the Mahabharata, consisting of a conversation about the purpose of existence between Krishna, Vishnu, and Arjuna.
  35. 35ShivaDestruction. Worshipped in the form of symbolic erect phallus. Seen by devotees as a reconciler of polarities or creation and destruction.
  36. 36VishnuDepicted in blue on a serpent. Avatars. Restores cosmic order.
  37. 37GaneshaPopular, elephant headed. Leader of Shivas forces. Presides over obstacles.
  38. 38KrishnaEighth incarnation of Vishnu, in the Mahabharata. Cowherder, lover
  39. 39LakshmiGoddess of prosperity, consort of VISHNU, depicted on a lotus with money.
  40. 40KaliDark, fierce goddess. Symbolizes time and destruction. Depicted naked with skulls. Associated with Shiva.
  41. 41HanumanMonkey God
  42. 42SarasvatiGoddess of creativity and learning, associated with Brahma, carries a lute and book
  43. 43BrahmaCreator God
  44. 44Four aimsDharma (duty and righteousness)
    Kama (knowledge of love and pleasure)
    Artha (pursuit of wealth and power)
    Moksha (Liberation through self- realization)
  45. 45BrahmanAbsolute Reality, overarching power, source of creation.
  46. 46AtmanIndividuals essential nature/ self
  47. 47YogasPhysical and Psychological practices with the goal of Moksha
  48. 48Karma YogaPath of selfless action described in Bhagavad Gita.
  49. 49Jhana YogaDifficult, intellectual path involving scriptural study, who am I, and meditation
  50. 50Bhakti YogaFrom Bhagavad Gita, loving devotion to a deity.
  51. 51Raja YogaStopping though, work on 8 limbs development.
  52. 52Kundalini YogaCoiled energy (serpent). In tantrism, energy seen convey supernatural powers.
  53. 53Hatha YogaEmphasizes posture and breathing.
  54. 54Yajnasacrificial rites
  55. 55PriestPresides over rituals, usually Brahmin males.
  56. 56GuruTeacher, most important guide and mentor
  57. 57YogiPerson committed to yoga, complete integration of oneself with the Absolute through specific practice
  58. 58Swamirenouncers
  59. 59SadhuAny holy man
  60. 60DivaliA festival of lights, mid october-nov, marks the victory of light over darkness, new year.
  61. 61NavaratraMid sep-oct, dedicated to Devi.
  62. 62HoliFeb/Mar, commemorate defeat of Holika, colourful, restrictions on gender and caste suspended.
  63. 63MahashivaratriCelebrates Shiva, fasting and worshipping
  64. 64Kumbha MelaPilgrimage to Ganga river every 12 years, ritual bathing.
  65. 65Shruti (divinely heard) includesVedic Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, and Upanishads
  66. 66Smriti (the remembered) includesThe Epics, Puranas, Tantras, and Dharma Shustras (bhagavad gita)
  67. 67AgniGod of fire/ messenger
  68. 68IndraGod of thunder and lightning
  69. 69SomaSacred hallucinogenic plant
  70. 70SuryaGod of Sun
  71. 71HenotheismWorship of one god while not denying the existence of others
  72. 72Vedic sacrificeofferings into square pit
  73. 736 realms of rebirthGods, Asura (demigods), humans, animals, hungry ghosts, hell realms
  74. 743 paths of Hinduismway of action (karma): emphasizes the caste system, duty, karma, and rebirth
    Way of devotion (bhakti): loving devotion to a deity who will save the worshipper. Most popular
    Way of knowledge (jnana): understanding the nature of illusion and the truth about self
  75. 75SamadhiMeditative absorption, highest state attains oneness with the true self.
  76. 76SamsarraReincarnation, rebirth
  77. 77Mayaillusion
  78. 78Puja (devotional worship)Bhakti worship, suggests helplessness, deities don’t have to respond.

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Flashcards on Hinduism, created by Aleasha Danderfer on 07/03/2018.
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