Flashcards
Archaeology Lab Flashcards [#3]
Cards in this deck (33)
- 1PotteryRefers to objects made of baked clay
- 2CeramicRefers to objects made of well-fired clay
- 3Forms of CeramicsPlates, Dishes, Bowls, Jars, and Vases are the forms
- 4PlatesHave a height less than 1/5 of the diameter
- 5DishHave a height between 1/3 and 1/5 diameter
- 6BowlThe height is greater than 1/3 of the diameter
- 7JarHave restricted openings and have a height greater than the diameter
- 8VaseThe height is greater than the diameter and no restricted opening
- 9Morphology of CeramicsIncludes the body, base, neck, rim and handle
- 10BodyMain portion of ceramic where items are kept
- 11BaseThe bottom of the ceramic
- 12NeckThe narrowed opening at the top of the body
- 13RimThe thicker top ring oat the top of the neck or base
- 14HandleThe elongated part of the ceramic used for gripping
- 15Manufacture of CeramicsInvolves the gathering of raw materials, forming and treating the vessels, drying and firing.
- 16MaterialsMainly clay used because it is flexible when wet and dried when fired
- 17PreparationCan be by levigating: mix with water and stir then remove settled materials
kneading or wedging: eliminating clumps of material
or tempering: reducing uneven cracking or shrinkage - 18TemperInclusions in the clay that make up 10-50% of the past and can include crushed shells, pottery, grass, sand, straw, etc.
- 19FormingCan be formed by hand modeling,paddle and anvil method, or wheel throwing. Can make pinch pots or coil pots from molding
- 20Pre-Firing TreatmentSmoothing and scraping: using wood, knives and corn
Burnishing: smooth surface with a tool when it is the hardness of leather - 21Pre-Firing DecorationsCan be plastic: applique, impression, incisions and excisions
or surface: paint, slip or glaze - 22AppliqueThe addition of 3D ornaments
- 23ImpressionStamping or pressing something onto the surface
- 24IncisionCutting line patterns in with a stick or tool
- 25ExcisionsCutting out portions of the surface clay
- 26PaintCan be mono, di, or polychrome painting
- 27SlipA very thin mix of clay and water that is poured over the surface
- 28GlazeA shiny, hard, smooth and glassy coating that is poured over the surface
- 29DryingMust be well-dried before firing and can dry for weeks or even months
- 30FiringCan be a domestic fire, a bonfire, a pitfire, or a kiln
- 31Firing EnvironmentsOxidizing: have sufficient oxygen and have red, orange colours
Reducing: have insufficient oxygen and have black and grey colours - 32SherdsAre pieces of ceramics that are very common on sites and can be used to determine morphology and estimate sizes of pots used rim charts
- 33What We LearnWe can learn the trade routes, the diet of people, the ideology or religion and aspects of social organization
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- Everything about ceramics!
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- Natasha Gidluck
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