GoConqr has a new look! Let us know what you think.

Sign up free

Flashcards

AS Archaeology - Unit 1 - 31 Key Definitions - Section A - AQA **INCOMPLETE**

Rebecca Giddings Archaeology AS - Level English 62 cards

AS Archaeology - Unit 1 - 31 Key Definitions - Section A - AQA **INCOMPLETE**

Cards in this deck (62)

  1. 1Ancestor/Ancestor Cult Definition- Belief dead ancestors watch over us & take active roles in events
    - Can intervene in daily life & be unpredictable
    - May need appeasing or be asked for help
  2. 2Ancestor/Ancestor Cult ExampleWest Kennet (long barrow)
    Handling of bones - regular due to ware; normally rough whereas these were smooth. Separated into piles.    Ancestor/Ancestor Cult Example
  3. 3Animism Definition- Belief in spirits
    - Animals/plants/objects/special places believed to have spirits
    - Spirits take an active part in life
    - May need appeasing or to be asked for help
  4. 4Animism ExampleN/A
  5. 5Art and Iconography DefinitionN/A
  6. 6Art and Iconography ExampleN/A
  7. 7Cremation Definition- Act of burning human remains (after death)
    - Type of funerary/mortuary ritual
    - Purify the dead & release the soul
  8. 8Cremation ExampleN/A
  9. 9Excarnation Definition- Deliberate defleshing of the bones
    - Occurs naturally (exposure to elements/'special animals') or by hand
    - Can form part of ritual practice
  10. 10Excarnation ExampleHolme-next-to-the-sea
    Upturned tree stump in centre of 60 timbers believed to be an excarnation table    Excarnation Example
  11. 11Focus of attention Definition- Criteria of Refrew & Bahn
    - Part of ritual site that catches attention
    - Bring focus to key part of the site; facilitates ritual taking place
    - Can be through layout/design means
  12. 12Focus of attention ExampleWest Kennet
    - Adult males; end chamber at end of narrow corridor (1st thing to be seen); signify importance
    - Large mound; stands out from landscape, indicate the sites presence
  13. 13Funerary ritual DefinitionN/A
  14. 14Funerary ritual ExampleN/A
  15. 15Grave goods DefinitionN/A
  16. 16Grave goods ExampleN/A
  17. 17Inhumation Definition- Burying of a body in the ground
    - Ritual practice
    - Mortuary practice
    - Remove taint of putrefying flesh from living community
  18. 18Inhumation ExampleN/A
  19. 19Liminal Definition- Boundary zone between one world and the next (portal/gateway)
    - Living may communicate with the dead
    - Limbo between worlds that can be dangerous
  20. 20Liminal ExampleN/A
  21. 21Magic DefinitionN/A
  22. 22Magic ExampleN/A
  23. 23Monotheism Definition- Worshipping & belief in one God; oversees all aspects of life
    - No belief in a pantheon of Gods
  24. 24Monotheism ExampleN/A
  25. 25Myth DefinitionN/A
  26. 26Myth ExampleN/A
  27. 27Pilgram Definition- Person undertaking a special journey to a religious place for worship
    - Possible special route
    - May pray/complete religious activities on the way
  28. 28Pilgrim ExampleThornborough
    - Cumbrian axe head (500/600m, Northern henge) from lake district (80 miles away)
    - Brought by pilgrim?    Pilgrim Example
  29. 29Polytheism Definition- Belief in multiple deities
    - May be responsible for different aspects of life (eg: Poseidon, God of the sea)
    - May be responsible for day-to-day concerns & spiritual concerns
    - Deities may form a 'pantheon' (group)
  30. 30Polytheism ExampleGundestrup cauldron
    4 Gods & 4 Goddesses - tell an important story/belief?    Polytheism Example
  31. 31Prayer/participation DefinitionN/A
  32. 32Prayer/participation ExampleN/A
  33. 33Priest/Ritual Specialist DefinitionN/A
  34. 34Priest/Ritual Specialist ExampleN/A
  35. 35Propitiation/Votives DefinitionN/A
  36. 36Propitiation/Votives ExampleN/A
  37. 37Purity & Cleansing Definition- Removal of sin/dirtiness/taint (washing away impurities)
    - Make something/someone acceptable to deities/spirits --> to enter afterlife
  38. 38Purity & Cleansing ExampleExcarnation form of this.
    Holme-next-to-the-sea; upturned tree stump = excarnation table?    Purity & Cleansing Example
  39. 39Rites of passage DefinitionN/A
  40. 40Rites of passage ExampleN/A
  41. 41Rites of intensification Definition- Time of discomfort/stress for community (eg; death of important person/natural disaster)
    - Feelings become intense & event takes place
    - Aim to return community to normality
  42. 42Rites of intensification ExampleWest Kennet
    - Bones used in many rituals (before being sealed away) which is evident by smoothness of bones
    - Significant importance on people 'buried' in the tomb
  43. 43Ritual Definition- Repeated acts carried out in accordance with beliefs
    - Occur at special times, special places
    - May need special clothes, equipment, words & movements
  44. 44Ritual ExampleWest Kennet
    - Bones in side communal tomb; smooth (indicates repeated handling)
    - Ritual linked to ancestor cult; appeasement of ancestors occurred regularly & repeatedly
  45. 45Ritual feasting DefinitionN/A
  46. 46Ritual feasting ExampleN/A
  47. 47Sacrifice DefinitionN/A
  48. 48Sacrifice ExampleN/A
  49. 49Sensory experience DefinitionN/A
  50. 50Sensory experience ExampleN/A
  51. 51Shamanism DefinitionN/A
  52. 52Shamanism ExampleN/A
  53. 53Shrine/Temple/Ritual structure DefinitionN/A
  54. 54Shrine/Temple/Ritual structure ExampleN/A
  55. 55Symbolism Definition- Presentation of abstract idea (difficult to express)
    - Image or symbol
    - Help to understand ritual belief; especially in non-literate societies
    - Give sense of belonging/identity
  56. 56Symbolism ExampleVenus Figurines
    Willendorf; symbolizes mother goddess --> exaggerated reproductive features    Symbolism Example
  57. 57Totemism Definition- Special relationship: between a group & special animal spirits, can represent community or be sacred
    - May be rules about how animal is treated
    - Animal spirit may guide/protect its people
  58. 58Totemism ExampleN/A
  59. 59Worldview Definition- A set of ideas
    - Way of looking at the world > Explains our place in relation to physical & supernatural (spiritual) worlds
    - Ideas often influence ritual structures
    - Provides origin explanations
  60. 60Worldview ExampleN/A
  61. 61Worship DefinitionN/A
  62. 62Worship ExampleN/A

Information

Description
31 Definitions for AS Archaeology ARCH1 exam, Section A.
Views
85
Rating

Feedback

What is it about?

What do you think of the new look?

How do you like it?