Flashcards
GEO [#9] Rock Mechanics
Cards in this deck (31)
- 1Rock MechanicsThe study or properties and the mechanical behaviour of rock materials in response to the forces acting on them within their physical environment
- 2Mass WastingDownslope movement of Earth due to gravity which are classified by the type of movement, material, and the velocity. Include falls, slides, glides, and flows
- 3FallsThe free fall of Earth materials caused by root growth, frost wedging, heaving precipitation, etc.
- 4SlidesMasses of Earth material slide down a slope along a failure surface called a slide plane. Can be a slump or a glide/slide
- 5SlumpA rotational slide that is a slow slope failure along a curved slide surface
- 6ScarpA steep scar on an undisturbed side of a failure
- 7Glides and SlidesCoherent masses of rock or sediment that move along planar surfaces
- 8FlowsMass movement of unconsolidated material that moves overland and has a fluid-like behaviour. Can be caused by rain, steep slopes, lack of vegetation, loose soil and debri, etc. Can be slow flows or fast flows
- 9Slow FlowsInclude a creep: the imperceptibly slow downslope movement of rock and soil that is the result of many small movements
- 10Fast FlowsDense mixtures of sediment and water that could include rock avalanches, debris flows, or mud flows
- 11Rock MassA large body of rock that is broken into discontinuities that divide it into smaller sections of intact rock
- 12Type of DiscontinuitiesBedding planes, joints and cracks, faults, and foliation
- 13DiscontinuityA plane of weakness present in a rock
- 14StressForce per unit area. Under increasing stress, a rock will go through many changes in shape or volume until it breaks
- 15Three Stages of StrainElastic deformation, ductile deformation, and brittle deformation
- 16Elastic DeformationWhen the strain is fully reversible and the rock will bounce back
- 17Ductile DeformationWhen strain causes a stretch that does not allow the rock to go back into the original shape
- 18Brittle DeformationWhen the strain causes a stretch so much that it breaks
- 19Rock StrengthThe maximum amount of stress you can apply to a rock before it fractures. Depends on the strength of the intact rock and the strength of any discontinuities
- 20Rock TypeBased on mineral composition, texture, and structures
- 21Strength of DiscontinuitiesDepend on the shear strength, surface roughness, joint width, weathering extent, water, continuity, spacing, and orientation
- 22Factor of SafetyThe actual load-bearing capacity of a structure or component, or the required margin of safety for a structure or component according to code, law, or design requirements. Can be calculated by resisting forces divided by driving forces
- 23Coefficient of FrictionIs related to material type and the role of water on the sediment
- 24CohesionA material's tendency to stick together (to itself)
- 25Resisting ForcesThe ability of the rock to not fall down slope, or to repel driving sorces. Dependent on the shear strength of the slope material
- 26Driving ForcesThe force that encourages a rock or sediment to move downslope
- 27Increase Factor of SafetyCan do this by increasing the coefficient of friction, increasing the cohesion, decreasing the slope angle, adding more resisting forces and draining the water
- 28Failure in SedimentsOccurs when the driving forces are greater than the resisting forces
- 29Classifying Rock Mass StrengthCan be done with Rock Quality Designation or Rock Mass Rating
- 30Rock Mass RatingA geochemical classification systems for rocks that can determine if the rock will support the strucure, how long it will be before it fails, and how much support is needed
- 31Rock Quality DesignationDescribes the mechanical quality of the rock recovered as a core
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- Geology (Geology 202) Flashcards on GEO [#9] Rock Mechanics, created by Natasha Gidluck on 29/03/2019.
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- Natasha Gidluck
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