Flashcards
Astronomy midterm 3
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1habitable World:contains the basic necessities for life such as LIQUID WATER on the surface
- also energy, nutrient source, plate tectonics, magnetic field - 2habitable Zone:the DISTANCE from a star where liquid water can exist on the surface
- Mars is in the zone but no life exists
- Europa is not in the zone but potentially habitable - 3Terrestrial planets....- have rocky crust
- have same layers in same order
- less massive - 4Jovian planets....- no crust
- all gas
- can have completely different layers
- massive - 5what about Venus makes it inhabitable despite being nearly identical to Earth?its surface is covered in thick gas, creating an extreme greenhouse effect that makes it extremely hot (470 C)
- 6Hot Jupiter....jupiter mass planet (huge) that orbit very close to their star (hot)
- 7Direct detection:picture or spectra of planets themselves
- 8Indirect detection:measurements of host star's properties revealing the effects of orbiting planets
- Doppler technique: need to see somewhat edge on
- Transits: need to see exactly edge on. tells radius! - 9Radius small to large: Neutron star Moon Main sequence star Black hole singularity Jupiter White dwarfBlack hole singularity
Neutron star
Moon
White dwarf
Jupiter
Main Sequence star - 10Stages of stars life beginning to end1) Contracting cloud of gas and dust
2) protostar
3) main sequence
4) red giant
5) planetary nebula OR supernova
6) white dwarf (low mass) OR neutron star or black hole (high mass) - 11Heaviest element produced in low mass star and high mass starCarbon = low mass
Iron = high mass - 12What happens after helium runs out in Main Sequence?Helium starts burning to produce carbon, with a hydrogen burning shell :
RED GIANT STAGE - 13Difference between Core and Photosphere:Core: center, hottest part, nuclear fusion occurs, Hy into He
Photosphere: outer layer that we see, coolest part, least dense - 14Explain white dwarf and typical size:Very hot carbon core left behind
1 Earth radius
* the more massive it is the smaller it is
1 solar mass - 15Neutron star and typical size:More massive than w.d.
1.4 solar mass
10 km (size of Queens)