21695170
Description
Flashcards by Evian Chai, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Evian Chai
about 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Is tooth initiation controlled by the oral ectoderm or the mesenchyme cells? | Oral ectoderm |
| What gene is expressed in the mesenchyme at the initiation of tooth formation? | PAX-9 |
| What are the 3 methods of cell signals communicating? | 1. Diffusion 2. Gap junction 3. Direct contact |
| How do signals impact protein synthesis change? | 1. Receptors bind signal molecules 2. Signal transduction pathway wherein cytoplasmic protein carries signal to nucleus 3. Change in transcription factors change gene expression 4. Protein synthesis change |
| When does patterning of the dentition occur? | Before initiation |
| In tooth formation what information is contained in the epithelium, and what is contained in the mesenchyme? | Epithelium contains signals to make a tooth, mesenchyme determines which TYPE of tooth (homeobox code) |
| What is the signalling pathway for an incisor to develop? | 1. BMP-->Incisor mesenchyme 2. Incisor mesenchyme sends MSX-1/2 |
| What is the signalling pathway for an molar to develop? | 1. FGF-->molar mesenchyme 2. Molar mesenchyme sends DIX-1/2 |
| What does SHH signalling during initiation do? | Determines SITES of tooth development by causing ectopic tooth thickening in epithelium so it can become tooth bud |
| What prevents SHH from leaving the epithelium and initiating tooth formation elsewhere? | Wnt7b at dental epithelium boundary |
| What does MSX1/PAX9 mutations lead to? | Partial tooth agenesis in humans, full in rats |
| What initiates cap formation as well as PEK formation? | The BMP signalling pathway |
| What is the BMP signalling pathway? | 1. BMP4 from epithelium activates MSX1 in mesenchyme 2. MSX1+PAX9 in mesenchyme activates BMP4 which diffuses into bud epithelium 3. Leads to formation of cap+SHH-->PEK formation |
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