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Description
Flashcards by Chad Manhart, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Chad Manhart
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Amendment | A change to an official document, often referring to the U.S constitution |
| Assimilate | To become like something, or to blend in, usually culture. |
| Bias | Unfair opinion against one or more parties |
| Bicameral | Meaning 'two houses' it is the style of government that we have, meaning we have a senate and a house of representatives |
| Blockade | To disallow materials or personnel to get in or out of a selected area |
| Boomtown | A town or city that grew very rapidly as a result of the industrial age, it exploded into economy and growth, very quickly |
| Capitalism | Free market economy where prices are driven by supply, demand, and competition. Designed so that the consumer always wins. |
| Captain of Industry | A rich business owner who promoted economic growth and gave money to the poor. They also were respected for their skills and intelligence. |
| Checks and Balances | Laws created for the government to prevent any of the branches from getting to much power |
| Congress | Made up of the house of representatives and the senate, part of the executive branch |
| Due Processes | Requirement that says government has to respect a criminal/suspect's rights |
| Economics | Study of how wealth moves and flows around a certain region or country |
| Emancipated | To be set free from slavery or imprisonment |
| Enfranchise | To give the right to vote |
| Enumerated | Something that is included in a list |
| Federalism | Idea that the government's power is divided into smaller and smaller divisions. 'Mother bird feeds down to babies' |
| Forty-Niners | People who went towards California in the 1849 Gold Rush were called forty-niners |
| Free Enterprise | A market where anyone is entitled to create their own business, and try their luck in the economy |
| Habeas Corpus | The right that everyone is entitled to a fair and speedy trial |
| Industry | Opposite of agriculture, focuses on factories, and manufacturing goods |
| Judicial | Branch of government that interprets the laws and holds the court system |
| Ku Klux Klan | 19 and 20th century hate group focused on white supremacy and extremely racist to blacks and anyone who supported them |
| Manifest Destiny | The idea that Americans were made to settle America and started the westward expansion era. |
| Martyr | Someone who dies for a religious cause |
| Monopoly | When a business or corporation buys out all competition to destroy competition. Bad for economy. |
| Nomadic | When a group or civilization has no permanent home and follows food source |
| Override | To make a decision that contradicts what someone else wants |
| Popular Severeignty | The idea that the government's power comes ultimately from the people |
| Ratify | To pass a bill and make it a law |
| Radical | Extreme, out of the ordinary, something outside of popular belief |
| Republicanism | When citizens elect representatives to express their ideas for them |
| Robber Baron | Someone with a lot of money, who enforces hard labor laws, low wages, and uses wealth to cheat their way out of consequences. |
| Rural | Opposite of Urban, a community that is primarily agricultural, sparsely populated, many fields and open wilderness |
| Separation of Powers | Idea that the government is separated into 3 different branches to ensure that one branch doesn't get all the power |
| Social Darwinism | Idea that those with good business skills and philosophies will succeed |
| Suffrage | The right to vote |
| Supreme Court | Highest federal court, decides the outcomes of the largest nationwide laws |
| Tariff | Tax on a certain good, in import and export |
| Taxation without representation | When someone imposes a tax without asking the citizens, or without looking out for the citizen's well-being, just want to make more money |
| Trade Union | When a group of laborers get together to try to improve working conditions, wages, and vacation days |
| Urban | Opposite of rural, highly industrial, large cities, not much unsettled land, unless it's a park |
| Veto | To deny a choice, president can veto bills from congress, and congress can veto ideas of the president |
| Thomas Jefferson | Helped write constitution and the Declaration of Independance |
| Andrew Jackson | Responsible for the death of thousands of Native Americans |
| Sacagawea | Led Lewis and Clark on their expedition to explore the western territory, acted as a guide, from a Native American tribe |
| James K. Polk | Increased U.S. territory during the Mexican-American war |
| Frederick Douglass | Wrote an autobiography, active suffragist speaker and spoke out against slavery |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Wrote 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' Spoke out against slavery, suffragist |
| John Brown | Violent anti-slavery man, attacked Harper's Ferry, died a martyr |
| Robert E. Lee | General of the southern army in the civil war, came from west-point, was a brilliant general |
| Andrew Johnson | Began presidency during reconstruction, messed it all up, became president after Lincoln's death |
| Susan B. Anthony | Famous women's rights fighter, suffragist |
| Sitting Bull | Indian Chief, shot at wounded knee for doing the 'ghost dance' |
| George Custer | Famous for a failed attack against the Native Americans, faced fatal losses |
| Cornelius Vanderbilt | Extremely wealthy man who made his money off of transporting goods via railroads |
| John D. Rockefeller | Wealthy man during the gilded age who made his money off of oil production |
| Andrew Carnegie | Wealthy business owner who made his money off of the Bessemer Process, a fast way to make industrial steel |
| Jamestown | The first, failed colony of the U.S. failed due to disease and Indian battles |
| Plymouth | Second colony of the U.S, succeeded |
| Lexington and Concord | First battle of the revolutionary war |
| Erie Canal | Connected the great lakes to allow transport of goods across water |
| The Alamo | The location of a battle in the Texas revolution |
| Harpers Ferry | Location of the raid by John Brown, the attack failed, John Brown was surrounded and arrested |
| Ft. Sumter | Location of the first battle of the American Civil war |
| Gettysburg | Bloodiest battle in the civil war, important due to its location in the East |
| Appomattox Courthouse | Site of the surrender of Robert E Lee to Grant, ending the civil war |
| Ford's Theater | Location of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, Lincoln was shot from a balcony |
| Promontory Point | The site where the transcontinental railroad was finished |
| Ellis Island and Angel Island | Main points where immigrants from other countries have to go in order to legally get into the country |
| Declaration of independance | Letter to England, showed that the Americans didn't want to be part of England anymore |
| Revolutionary War | War that America fought with Britain to let us be our own country |
| Articles of Confederation | original constitution, was later substituted for the constitution |
| Great Compromise | stated that congress would be bicameral with the senate and the house of representatives |
| passing of the constitution | constitution was first the articles of confederation, then it was the simple constitution, then the bill of rights was added |
| Adding the bill of rights | necessary addition to the bill of rights to simply tell citizens what they can and can't do |
| Louisiana Purchase | Vast amount of land purchased from France (Napoleon needed the money) that doubled the size of the U.S. |
| Missouri Compromise | Designed to keep the amount of free states and slave states equal |
| Indian Removal Acts | Stated that Native Americans couldn't live where they wanted anymore, they were moved to reservations and kept out of society |
| Mexican American war | War between America and Mexico over land, America won and got more land |
| California Gold Rush | Promoted Westward expansion, acted as an incentive for thousands of people to come to California hoping to strike it rich. |
| Homestead act | Said that if a farmer went to the west, took care of the land for a year, he could keep the land |
| Industrial revolution | when the American economy had enough materials that we could stop worrying about constantly farming, creating a boom in technological advances and materials became more readily available |
| Underground Railroad | Secret network of homes during slavery designed to help runaway slaves find freedom in the North |
| Seneca Falls Convention | First women's rights convention |
| Compromise of 1850 | Runaway slave laws were made harsher, but slavery in D.C. was abolished |
| Kansas Nebraska Act | Got rid of the Missouri compromise and allowed the territories to determine slavery through popular sovereignty |
| Dred Scott vs. Sanford | Ruled that blacks did not have citizenship and that they were not allowed to bring whites to court |
| Fugitive Slave Act | said that if a slave ran away to the north, their owner could track them down and bring them back |
| Bleeding Kansas | time period during the Kansas-Nebraska Act when Kansas was split pro-slavery or anti-slavery, battles and skirmishes broke out. |
| Civil War | The time period after all the compromises failed, states seceded from the Union, and battles were being fought with the CSA |
| Emancipation Proclaimation | Stated that all slaves they were in the rebel territories were forever free |
| Civil War Draft Riots | angry mob of lower class citizens rioted because rich people could pay their way out of the draft and now have to go to war |
| Gettysburg Adress | Speech give by Lincoln as a sort of 'pep talk' to the nation to keep fighting and win the Civil War |
| Reconstruction | Time period directly following the Civil War, time of rebuilding, utter failure due to Andrew Johnson's tactics |
| Civil War Amendments | 13. Abolished slavery forever 14. Said blacks were citizens 15. Gave black males the right to vote |
| Completion of the Transcontinental Railroad | finished a path from the East to the West, made transporting goods infinitely faster, cheaper, and more efficeient |
| Indian Wars | battles against Native Americans and americans |
| Gilded Age | time of extreme economic wealth in the U.S, sparked by the industrial revolution |
| Populist party | political party from Kansas said to represent farmers and the common man, opposed robber barons and monopolies |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | stated that equal but separate facilities between blacks and whites was okay (segregation) |
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