Flashcards
Modern Studies
Cards in this deck (8)
- 1Bad Governance (Incompetency)Focus on something unrelated/ incapable of running a country.
Ghana - spent £££ on building new roads when most people don't have cars - only 15 doctors per 100'000.
Not focusing on correct areas. - 2Bad Governance (Corruption)Seriously impacts ability to tackle development issues.
Government take money/resources for themselves.
Nigeria - General Abacha stole $3 billion and left country with 17th highest AIDS rate - 3Poor Trade (Poor Infrastructure)Goods and services = slower, less reliable and more expensive, impacts ability to trade effectively.
Ethiopia - new logistics network linking trains and airports, lacks proper water supplies, clean sanitation, new electricity grids. - 4Poor Trade (Unfair Trade)Rely less on foreign aid and loans.
Some don't compete on equal terms. World Bank - insist on certain crops.
Mali - exports cotton, USA - gains subsidies, exports cotton at cheaper prices.
People not making enough £ to escape poverty cycle - 5Armed Conflict (Food Shortages)Prevents countries from improving the economy.
Shortages > starvation > death > no workers.
Military take ££ so limits budget.
Oxfam - estimates it has cost Africa over £300 million over 15 years. - 6Armed Conflict (Refugees)Causes people to move away from their country, stops those getting jobs and contributing to economy.
2011 - caused more than 4 million to move, outside or inside the borders of their country. - 7Debt (Levels of Debt)The larger the debt, the more limiting.
Has to repay the money rather than spend it on improving the economy.
2008 - Sudans debt @ $29 B
2012 - debt @ $38 B
Couldn't focus on improving, resulted in more debt. - 8Debt (Debt Repayment)limits the progress, leaves countries with less money to spend.
WB or IMF - follow guidelines to receive loan, insist on cutting money (e.g. on health)
Zambia - cut £ on public services, 9000 teachers cut - lack of education.