Flashcards
Unit 1
Cards in this deck (147)
- 1Online communitiesOnline communities only exist online
Examples of online communities: blog/vlog, wikis, podcasts, Instant messaging chat rooms etc - 2Network of FriendsA network of friends is like an online community as it only exists online.
- 3NetiquetteIt is essentially the rules of the online world.
- 4profileA profile is an account you own online such as Instagram, Facebook accounts etc
- 5VoIPVoIP is a method of real time communication over the internet, for example skype. The computers you are using are connected via there unique IP addresses
- 6Advantages of VoIPconnect anywhere that there is internet.
Reduces travel costs
Better for collaborations
No additional data costs because you are using the internet. - 7Disadvantages of VoIPIt can be slow depending on your internet connection
Voice quality can be affected because it is being transmitted over the internet
Your are at risk to hackers because you are exchanging data - 8netiquetteRules of the online world
- 9Ubiquitous computingubiquitous computing is where proccesers are embedded into everyday objects such as domestic appliances
- 10Ubiquitous ComputingUbiquitous computing is where procc
- 11RFID chipsRFID chips can be embedded into everyday objects
They can be used to track delivery's, order missing ingredients from a fridge etc - 12Cloud computingCloud users access data through a web browser
They do not directly access the server
Nothing is actually saved in a cloud, the term is used to describe the process of storing data on an external server - 13Benefits of cloud computingYou only pay for the storage you use
data can be accessed anywhere there is internet connection - 14Drawbacks of cloud computingyou have no control over the security
The company might not be using the newest software
The speed of access may be slower than using installed software - 15PayPerClickIt is a form of Online advertising
Smaller companies can put adverts on bigger companies websites
The smaller company will either pay per user that clicks onto the advert or a percentage of the profit they make. - 16Types of online advertisingEmail
Multimedia
targeting, cookies
links - 17Benefits of Online advertisingSends marketing messages
Uses cookies to display relevant ads
Video and audio grabs attention
Takes users straight to advertisers - 18Drawbacks of online advertisingNot everyone is happy with cookies
Type of 'malware' generates unwanted ads
ads can distract you from what you are looking at
some ads play videos as soon as the page loads - 19Advantages of online documentsPay monthly
Save on hardware
Automatic updates
Backup and restore - 20Backup and restoreHaving a back-up online means a copy of your files are stored on web servers
So you can restore the files if there’s a problem. - 21Disadvantage of online softwareReliability
Security - 22Advantages of collaborative workingStaff can collaborate online, even if they're in different places
It saves money because they don't need to travel
You only need one version of the document that everyone can edit - 23Version controlWhen lots of people can edit a document
Its vital to show which is the latest document - 24Levels of accessStaff can access areas depending on their role
Students and teachers see different parts of the network - 25File permissionsetting that control what a user can do to a file: view only, view and edit, full control
- 26File compressionfile compression is when you compress a file so that it is smaller and downloads faster.
- 27IndexA set of instruction to extract compressed file to their original state.
- 28AlgorithmA mathematical step-by-step sequence used to work out calculations or carry out instructions.
- 29Benefits of file compressionSaving memory space on computers
Files will upload and download quicker
Files will better fit restrictions, such as attachment images on emails - 30Internet Service Provider
- 31Internet Hardware
- 32ServerRuns special software to serve other computers
Different types include file, print, web, and email servers - 33ClientA computer/device that uses services provided by a server
The computer you use to access the internet is a client - 34RouterDevices that route (direct) data traffic through a network
They are intelligent and will try to find the best routes - 35BackboneA 'big' cable (often fiber optic) that connects a large number of devices in the 'core' of the internet
- 36Network Diagram
- 37ISPAn ISP is the company that provide your internet.
- 38Point of PresenceA Point of Presence is an access point to the internet
- 39Network Access PointA Network Access Point is where different networks interconnect, such as your home network onto the internet
- 40Dial Up Connections (advantages)Can use existing telephone wires
Gives connection where is not available - 41Dial Up Connections (disadvantages)Older technology can give poor reception
Usually slower than other subjects
Conversion between digital and analogue can cause errors - 42Broadband (advantages)Better reception than dial up
- 43Broadband (disadvantage)Wired, so has to be used on a stationary computer
Broadband is not available in many rural areas - 44Wireless (advantage)Not fixed to a stationary computer
can be used whenever wireless internet is available - 45Wireless (disadvantage)Needs to have wireless internet available
Can be les secure than wired
Tends to be slower than wired - 46BandwidthBandwidth
- 47What is a protocolProtocols are rules that allow computer systems to connect with different systems to transfer data.
- 48TCPTransmission Control Protocol
Breaks data into packets
Assembles the packets again when they arrive - 49IPInternet Protocol
Handles the routing of packets
Sends and receives packets over the net - 50HTTPA set of rules that work behind the scenes to handle the loading of web pages
- 51World Wide Web
- 52HyperlinksThe Web works because of hyperlinks
They connect web pages together
When a hyperlink is clicked, a user is taken to another page on the site, or taken to another website - 53BrowserWeb pages are accessed through browsers
These are software applications that allow a user to enter a web address and view the webpage
Your browser reads the HTML code and displays the page - 54HyperlinksThe Web works because of hyperlinks
They connect web pages together
When a hyperlink is clicked, a user is taken to another page on the site, or taken to another website - 55URL Diagram
- 56Web serversWeb servers are the places where web pages are stored.
- 57URL definitionUniform resource locater
- 58Domain NameName of the website
- 59PathThis points to a specific web page
- 60Key terms diagram
- 61Client sideYou type keywords into the box and then click the button to search
- 62search engineSearch engines are special websites that allow users to find data on the internet.
- 63Server SideThe search engine uses its own database to find matches with your keywords
- 64Spider/web crawlersTo collect details of websites, the search engines used automated programs called web spiders.
- 65IndexThe index is the place the spiders send the detail back to
- 66DatabaseThe place where all the data is stored
- 67Sponsored linksSponsored links is when a company pays the search engine to pop up at the top
- 68advertsWhen you search you get adverts based on keywords and they are also payed for
- 69PopularityThe websites that pop up after the sponsored links ones are based on popularity
- 70address bookAn address book is essentially a book of all of you contacts.
- 71CCCC stands for carbon copy
- 72BCCBCC stands for blind carbon copy
- 73Benefits of emailEmails are delivered extremely fast when compared to traditional post.
Emails can be sent 24 hours a day 365 days a year - 74Drawbacks of EmailEmails can be disruptive
Email messages can contain viruses - 75SMTPThe simple mail transfer protocol is a communication protocol for electronic mail transmission.I
- 76IMAPIn computing, the internet Message Access protocol is an internet standard protocol used by email clients to retrieve messages from a mail server.
- 77WebmailWeb mail is an email system in which a user can access their emails via a web browser on any computer or device that Is connected to the internet.
- 78Email ClientAn email client, email reader or more formally mail user agent is a computer program used to access and manage a users email.
- 79Packet switchingPacket switching is the process of data broken into packets before being sent through a network and then reassembled at the other end.
- 80Advantages of packet switchingSends data efficiently
Small packets take different routes across the network
Good security levels - 81Disadvantages of packet switchingIf one or more packets are lost during transmission the file will not be received correctly
Requires a large amount of RAM - 82Codecsa device or program that compresses data to enable faster transmission and decompresses received data.
- 83Data transmission diagram
- 84Simplexone-way transmission only (e.g. computer to printer or remote control)
- 85Duplextwo-way transmission (e.g. telephone)
- 86Half duplextwo-way transmission but one way at a time
(e.g. ‘walkie-talkie’ radios) - 87Serial transmissionIn serial transmission, bits are transmitted one at a time over a single wire/channel.This reduces the cost of the cable, but gives a slower rate of data transfer.
- 88Parallel transmissionWhen data is sent using parallel data transmission, multiple data bits are transmitted over multiple channels at the same time. This means that data can be sent much faster than using serial transmission methods.
- 89Benefit and limitation of serial transmissionBenefit is that the bits are transmitted at the same time.
Limitation is that it gives a slower rate of transfer - 90Benefit and limitation of parallel transmissionBenefit is that data Is sent faster.
- 91UTP/STPContains pairs of copper wires twisted together used for LAN
- 92Advantage of UTP/STPCheaper than other methods
Reliable
The STP is under plastic coating - 93Drawback UTP/STPSlow
low capacity
used over short distances
susceptible to inference - 94Coaxial cablesSolid copper wire with thick shielding
used to connect TV with arial - 95Advantages of Coaxial cableReliable
- 96Drawbacks of coaxial cableslow
low capacity
used over short distances
thick and inflexible
susceptible to noises - 97Fibre opticStrands of glass carry data as light
Used for backbone as network - 98Advantage of fibre opticfast
used over long distances
little inference - 99Drawbacks of fibre opticused for backbone of network
- 100inferredUses inferred light to transmit data
That's very high frequency light - 101Benefit of inferredReliable
- 102Drawback of inferredShort range
Devices must be in line of sight
can suffer from interference - 103SatelliteUses satellites in space to relay data between points on earth eg GPS
- 104Benefit of satellitegood for very long distances
- 105Drawback of satelliteVery expensive
- 106BluetoothUses waves with short wave lengths to transmit data
- 107Benefit of Bluetoothgood for medium distances
- 108Drawback of BluetoothCan suffer from interference from other devices eg a microwave, oven that's near a computer device
- 109Network interface cardIts the hardware for receiving wireless signals
Its built into modern devices
The IC connects to the NAP - 110Network access pointLots of places of NAPs
- 111Client side processingClient side is viewing we pages on your client device
todays web pages have a lot of features that are interactive
interactivity is achieved using client scripts
Example for this is a hover image - 112Advantage of client side processingSpeed
Security - 113Disadvantage of client side processingBrowser specific
computer speed - 114Server side processingServer side means processing things at the back end of the web server
Its done in special scripts written by the server side
All this usually happens after you've done something on the server side
Example of this is submitting a web form - 115Advantage of server side processingServers are powerful computers
No browser involved
efficient - 116disadvantage of server side processingSecurity
overloading - 117DatabaseA database is a structured collection of data
- 118TableStores a set of data
- 119FieldColumns in a table
- 120RecordOne row that stores data about a single item
- 121Primary keyA special field with a unique identifier
- 122Foreign keyits purpose is to link to the supplier table
- 123TextAny kinds of characters, including letters and numbers
- 124NumericNumber values
- 125Date/timedates and times
- 126BooleanOne of two values, such as yes or no
- 127Online DatabaseMeans that it can be accessed around the world
- 128Local DatabaseMeans a database held inside a network to keep it secure
- 129Online database featureCan be accessed on the internet
- 130Local Database FeatureThe data is more secure
- 131DBMSThis is a software that allows you create and use your database
It handles securities to prevent un authorised access - 132SQLIt is a language used by a DBMS to search and create the database
It has a data definition language and a data minipulation language - 133Presence CheckCheck to see if data is entered and not left blank
- 134RangeCheck values are in sensible range e.g. effort grade between 1-5
- 135FormatCheck that data is in required format eg a date is DD/MM/YY
- 136Check digitUse digits in a code the data is right eg a barcode
- 137htmlhtml stands for hypertext mark-up language
This allows you to veiw web pages - 138—makes text bold
- 139—makes text italic
- 140—makes a paragraph of text
- 141—inserts image
- 142—specifies the URL of the page that the link goes to
- 143—defines unordered lists of items
- 144—describes the structure of the web page
- 145—defines the documents body
- 146—makes a heading
- 1478 principles of the data protection act
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- Flashcards on Unit 1, created by Kaleem Morris on 17/11/2020.
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- Kaleem Morris
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