Flashcards
Cytoskeleton structure 2
Cards in this deck (19)
- 1What are the largest structural elements of the cytoskeleton?Microtubules
- 2What are the major roles of the Microtubules in the cytoskeleton? (4)1. Mechanical Support of the cell
2. Maintaining axons
3. Formation of mitotic and meiotic spindles
4. Placement and movement of vesicles - 3Describe the mechanical support role of the microtubulesMaintaining or altering the shape of the cell
- 4Describe the maintenance of axons role of microtubulesThe movement of materials between the cell body and axon terminals of a neuron
- 5Where are microtubules found?-Cytoskeleton
-Mitotic Spindle
-Centrioles
-Core of cilia and flagella - 6What does the walls of the microtubules contain?They are composed of globular proteins arranged in longitudinal rows (Protofilaments)
- 7What are MTOCS?Microtubules Organising Centres
(Centrosomes and Centrioles) - 8What is the role of Centrosomes in the MTOCS?Organises cytoplasmic microtubule array
- 9What are centrioles?They are cylindrical structures and protein fibres that aid in cell division by helping to move chromosomes
- 10What shape are centrioles?They are Barrel-Shaped
- 11Where are spindle pole bodies located?Located on nuclear membrane
- 12What is the function of spindle pore bodies?Forms mitotic spindle in many lower Eukaryotes
- 13What are microtubules?Motor proteins which convert chemical energy to mechanical energy to generate force e.g. contract
- 14what is the function of the motor protein Dynein in the microtubules?Bending movement of cilia and flagella
- 15what is the function of the motor protein Kinesin in the microtubules?Large family of super proteins involved in the reorganisation of microtubules during mitosis
- 16What are intermediate filaments?Extremely stable, Rope-Like fibres extending from nucleus periphery only found in Metazoa
- 17What are the main functions of the intermediate filaments?1. Mechanical Support
(Abundant in cells and structures under mechanical stress)
-Links to membranes and other cytoskeletal elements - 18What are the specialised functions of Intermediate filaments in differentiated cells?1. Tissue specific expression
2. Markers for tumour diagnosis - 19How is the cytoskeleton a mechanically integrated structure?1. Microtubules resist bending when a cell is compressed
2. Microfilaments serve as contractile elements that generate tension
3. Intermediate filaments that are elastic and can withstand tensile forces
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- A level Biology (Cell Structure and Function) Flashcards on Cytoskeleton structure 2, created by daley bardini on 11/02/2021.
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- daley bardini
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