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Flashcards

PRNU 113 Exam 1

Abigail Berard Nursing English 166 cards

Sphygmomanometer

Cards in this deck (166)

  1. 1—SphygmomanometerSphygmomanometer
  2. 2BradycardiaHR below 60 BPM
  3. 3TachycardiaHR above 100 BPM
  4. 4Stroke Volume (SV)The amount of blood pumped from the heart with each beat
    (about 70 mL)
  5. 5Cardiac OutputThe amount of blood pumped from the heart every 60 seconds
    (5-6 L/min)
  6. 6TroubleshootingFiguring out what could be the problem
  7. 7BaselineWhat is "normal" for pt
    serves as a guideline or reference point
  8. 8—Thrush
    (oral candidiasis)    Thrush (oral candidiasis)
  9. 9—Rhinitis
    (red swollen inflammation of nasal mucosa)    Rhinitis (red swollen inflammation of nasal mucosa)
  10. 10—Polyp
    (Smooth, pale gray nodules in the nasal cavity due to chronic allergic rhinitis)    Polyp (Smooth, pale gray nodules in the nasal cavity due to chronic allergic rhinitis)
  11. 11—Pharyngitis
    (inflammation of the throat)    Pharyngitis (inflammation of the throat)
  12. 12—Leukoplakia
    (Chalky, white, thick, raised patch on sides of tongue; precancerous)    Leukoplakia (Chalky, white, thick, raised patch on sides of tongue; precancerous)
  13. 13—Herpes Simplex
    ("cold sores", clear vesicles with a red base that evolve into pustules)    Herpes Simplex ("cold sores", clear vesicles with a red base that evolve into pustules)
  14. 14—Gingivitis
    (red, swollen gums)    Gingivitis (red, swollen gums)
  15. 15—Epistaxis
    (nosebleed)    Epistaxis (nosebleed)
  16. 16—Crypts
    (indentations of the surface of tonsils)    Crypts (indentations of the surface of tonsils)
  17. 17—Choanal atresia
    (closure of the nasal cavity due to congenital septum b/w nasal cavity and pharynx)    Choanal atresia (closure of the nasal cavity due to congenital septum b/w nasal cavity and pharynx)
  18. 18—Cheilitis
    (red, scaling, shallow, painful fissured @ corners of the mouth)    Cheilitis (red, scaling, shallow, painful fissured @ corners of the mouth)
  19. 19—Caries
    (tooth decay)    Caries (tooth decay)
  20. 20—Candidiasis
    (fungal infection of the mouth that appears white, cheesy, curd-like pathces of the buccal mucosa)    Candidiasis (fungal infection of the mouth that appears white, cheesy, curd-like pathces of the buccal mucosa)
  21. 21Buccalpertaining to the cheek
  22. 22—Aphthous Ulcers
    (canker sores, ulcers of oral mucosa)    Aphthous Ulcers (canker sores, ulcers of oral mucosa)
  23. 23Tinnitusringing of the ears
  24. 24—Otorrhea
    (discharge from the ear)    Otorrhea (discharge from the ear)
  25. 25Otalgiapain in the ear
  26. 26—Cerumen
    (yellow, waxy material)    Cerumen (yellow, waxy material)
  27. 27—Atresia
    (congenital absence or closure of the ear canal)    Atresia (congenital absence or closure of the ear canal)
  28. 28—Strabismus
    (squint, crossed eye)    Strabismus (squint, crossed eye)
  29. 29—Red reflex
    (red glow that appears to fill pts pupil when first visualized through the ophthalmoscope)    Red reflex (red glow that appears to fill pts pupil when first visualized through the ophthalmoscope)
  30. 30—Ptosis
    (Drooping of upper eyelid over the iris and possibly covering pupil)    Ptosis (Drooping of upper eyelid over the iris and possibly covering pupil)
  31. 31Presbyopiadecrease power of accommodation that occurs with aging)
  32. 32Nystagmusinvoluntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of eyeball
  33. 33Myopianearsighted
  34. 34—Mydriasis
    (dilated pupils)    Mydriasis (dilated pupils)
  35. 35—Exophthalmos
    (protruding eyeballs)    Exophthalmos (protruding eyeballs)
  36. 36—Miosis
    (Constriction of pupils)    Miosis (Constriction of pupils)
  37. 37—Glaucoma
    (eye disease characterized by increased ocular pressure)    Glaucoma (eye disease characterized by increased ocular pressure)
  38. 38Diplopiadouble vision
  39. 39—Conjunctivitis
    (infection of the conjunctiva, "pinkeye")    Conjunctivitis (infection of the conjunctiva, "pinkeye")
  40. 40—Astigmatism
    (refractive errors of vision due to differences in curvature in the refractive surfaces of the eye)    Astigmatism (refractive errors of vision due to differences in curvature in the refractive surfaces of the eye)
  41. 41—Anisocoria
    (unequal pupil size)    Anisocoria (unequal pupil size)
  42. 42Accommodationadaptation of the eye for near vision by increasing the curvature of the lens
  43. 43Vertigosame as dizziness, the room may feel like it's spinning
  44. 44Normocephalicskull size appropriately related to body size
  45. 45—Microcephalic
    (small head)    Microcephalic (small head)
  46. 46—Macrocephalic
    (enlarged head)    Macrocephalic (enlarged head)
  47. 47Lymphadenopathyenlarged lymph nodes
  48. 48—Goiter
    (enlarged thyroid associated with hyperthyroidism)    Goiter (enlarged thyroid associated with hyperthyroidism)
  49. 49Dysphagiadifficulty swallowing or eating
  50. 50Bruitblowing, swooshing sound heard through the stethoscope over an area of abnormal blood flow
  51. 51—Zosteriform
    (linear shape of skin lesion along nerve root)    Zosteriform (linear shape of skin lesion along nerve root)
  52. 52—Wheal
    (raised, red skin lesion due to interstitial fluid, associated with an allergic reaction)    Wheal (raised, red skin lesion due to interstitial fluid, associated with an allergic reaction)
  53. 53—Vesicle
    (elevated cavity containing free fluid up to 1 cm in diameter)    Vesicle (elevated cavity containing free fluid up to 1 cm in diameter)
  54. 54—Ulcer
    (sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue that causes a deep depression in skin)    Ulcer (sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue that causes a deep depression in skin)
  55. 55—Telangiectasia
    (skin lesion due to enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible)    Telangiectasia (skin lesion due to enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible)
  56. 56—Scale
    (compact flakes of skin due to shedding of dead skin)    Scale (compact flakes of skin due to shedding of dead skin)
  57. 57—Pustule
    (elevated lesions containing thick, purulent fluid)    Pustule (elevated lesions containing thick, purulent fluid)
  58. 58—Purpura
    (red-purple skin lesion due to blood in tissues from breaks in blood vessels)    Purpura (red-purple skin lesion due to blood in tissues from breaks in blood vessels)
  59. 59Puritusitching
  60. 60—Plaque
    (Skin lesion in which papules come together)    Plaque (Skin lesion in which papules come together)
  61. 61—Papule
    (palpable skin lesion smaller than 1cm in diameter)    Papule (palpable skin lesion smaller than 1cm in diameter)
  62. 62Pallorexcessively pale, whitish-pink color to lightly pigmented skin
  63. 63—Nodule
    (elevated skin lesion larger than 1cm in diameter)    Nodule (elevated skin lesion larger than 1cm in diameter)
  64. 64—Nevus
    (mole, circumscribed skin lesion due to excess melanocytes)    Nevus (mole, circumscribed skin lesion due to excess melanocytes)
  65. 65—Macule
    (flat skin with only a color change)    Macule (flat skin with only a color change)
  66. 66—Maceration
    (softening of the skin due to soaking or prolonged exposure to moisture)    Maceration (softening of the skin due to soaking or prolonged exposure to moisture)
  67. 67—Lipoma
    (benign fatty tumor)    Lipoma (benign fatty tumor)
  68. 68—Lichenification
    (tightly packed set of papules that thickens skin, caused by prolonged scratching)    Lichenification (tightly packed set of papules that thickens skin, caused by prolonged scratching)
  69. 69—Keloid
    (hypertrophic scar, elevated beyond site of injury)    Keloid (hypertrophic scar, elevated beyond site of injury)
  70. 70Jaundiceyellowing of the skin, palate & sclera due to excess bilirubin in blood
  71. 71—Hematoma
    (a collection of blood outside blood vessels)    Hematoma (a collection of blood outside blood vessels)
  72. 72—Hemangioma
    (skin lesion due to benign proliferation of blood in the dermis)    Hemangioma (skin lesion due to benign proliferation of blood in the dermis)
  73. 73—Furuncle
    (a boil due to infected hair follicle)    Furuncle (a boil due to infected hair follicle)
  74. 74—Fissure
    (Linear crack extending to the dermis)    Fissure (Linear crack extending to the dermis)
  75. 75—Excoriation
    (abrasion of skin due to scratching)    Excoriation (abrasion of skin due to scratching)
  76. 76Erythema(redness of skin)
  77. 77—Erosion
    (shallow depression in skin)    Erosion (shallow depression in skin)
  78. 78—Ecchymosis
    (subcutaneous bleeding, greater than 1 cm in diameter)
    (not assocaited w/ site of trauma)    Ecchymosis (subcutaneous bleeding, greater than 1 cm in diameter) (not assocaited w/ site of trauma)
  79. 79Cyanosisdusky blue color of skin or mucous membranes due to poor oxygenation
  80. 80—Crust
    (thick, dried out exudate or drainage from a burst vesicle or pustules)    Crust (thick, dried out exudate or drainage from a burst vesicle or pustules)
  81. 81Confluentskin lesions that run together
  82. 82—Bulla
    (elevated cavity containing free fluid larger than 1 cm in diameter)    Bulla (elevated cavity containing free fluid larger than 1 cm in diameter)
  83. 83Bruisea type of hematoma caused by damaged capillaries
    associated with trauma
  84. 84AnnularCircular skin lesions
  85. 85AlopeciaHair loss
  86. 86Phantom Painperceived by nerves left due to amputation or paralysis
  87. 87Deep somatic painpain from ligaments, tendons, bones, blood vessels, or nerves
  88. 88Visceral Painpain originating from an organ or cavity
  89. 89Cutaneous painpain originating in the skin
    (subcutaneous tissue)
  90. 90inflammatoryDue to an inflammatory response
  91. 91Neuropathicnerve pain
    (the origin is the nervous system)
  92. 92Nociceptivepain response due to injury to tissues
  93. 93Chronic painaka persistent pain
    lasts more than 6 mos.
  94. 94Acute painshort term pain
    stops after healing
  95. 95Hyperventilationbreathing too fast
    RR greater than 20 (adult)
  96. 96HypoventilationBreathing too slow
    RR less than 12 (adult)
  97. 97Apneapatient stops breathing for a short period of time
  98. 98Hyperthermiahigh temp not considered a fever or caused by an infection
    failed thermoregulation of the body
    higher than 38 C (100.4 F)
  99. 99Hypothermialow temperature of the body
    core temp less than 36.5 C (97.7 F)
  100. 100Hypoxicdecrease of O2 in the blood
  101. 101Hemorrhageexcess amount of blood loss
  102. 102Afebrileno fever
  103. 103Febrilefever or pyrexia, values may depend on method and hospital
    37.5 C - 38.3 C
    or
    99.5 F - 100.94 F
  104. 104Pulse Pressurethe difference b/w SBP and DBP
    pulse pressure should be between 30-50 mmHg
  105. 105Orthostatic Hypotensiona change in 20 mmHg or more when a patient goes from supine to sitting or from sitting to standing
  106. 106HypotensionSBP below 90 and DBP below 60
  107. 107HypertensionSBP greater than 120 and DBP greater than 80
  108. 108—Cataract
    (opacity of the lens of the eye that develops slowly w/ aging and gradually obstructs vision)    Cataract (opacity of the lens of the eye that develops slowly w/ aging and gradually obstructs vision)
  109. 109What is a health assessment?gathering data from patient
  110. 110Nursing Data Collection Structure of Content- knowledge
    -comprehension
    - application
    - analysis
  111. 111Subjective Dataanything the pt says
    - biographical information
    -History of present illness
    - personal health history
    - family history
    - health and lifestyle practices
  112. 112MDs treat and RNs treat .pts illness or injury; pt in response to illness or injury
  113. 113The nursing processassessment <--> diagnosis <--> outcome identification and planning <--> implementation <--> evaluation <-->
  114. 114AssessmentCollecting objective and subjective data
  115. 115Diagnosisanalyzing subjective and objective data to make a professional nursing judgment
  116. 116Comprehensive Health Assessment pt. 1: Health Historyinterview
  117. 117Comprehensive Health Assessment pt. 2: Physical AssessmentExam
  118. 118Methods of Health Assessment1. initial comprehensive assessment
    2. ongoing or partial
    3. Focused or problem-oriented
    4. Emergency
  119. 119Objective DataWhat can I see and measure?
    - physical characteristics
    -body functions
    - appearance
    - behavior
    - measurements
    - laboratory tests
  120. 120Validating the dataDoes it match?
  121. 121PatternsDoes the data point to a pattern?
  122. 122Accuracy is ?Key
  123. 123Data Collection-introduction
    -purpose/intention
    -assurance of privacy/ confidentiality
    - Focused interview
    -eye contact, posture, atmosphere/location
    - feedback
    - additional family members present?
  124. 124Special considerations for health assessmentreligion?
    avoid difficult language
    ability to speak English
    emotional needs
  125. 125Planningdetermining outcome criteria and developing a plan
  126. 126Implementationputting the plan into action
  127. 127EvaluationAssessing whether outcome criteria have been met and revising the plan as necessary
  128. 128ISBARIntroduction
    Situation
    Background
    Assessment
    Recommendation
  129. 129PQRSTProvocation/palliation
    Quality/quantity
    region/ radiation
    severity
    timing
  130. 130OLDCARTSonset
    location
    duration
    character
    aggravating, alleviating
    region, radiating
    timing
    severity
  131. 131COLDSPAcharacter- describe s/s
    Onset- when did it start?
    Location- where? does it radiate?
    Duration- how long does it last?
    Severity - 1-10
    Pattern- what makes it better/worse?
    Associate fx/how it affects pt - other prob? livelihood?
  132. 132Nursing Documentation SOAP NOTESSUBJECTIVE DATA
    OBJECTIVE DATA
    ASSESSMENT
    PLAN
  133. 133Nursing Documentation DAR NOTESDATA
    ACTION
    RESPONSE
  134. 134Nursing Documentation NURSING NOTESAssessment
    Nursing Dx
    Care plan
    Intervention
    Outcome
  135. 1354 modes of physical assessmentinspection
    palpation
    percussion
    auscultation
  136. 136Data Analysisidentify normal and abnormal data - WDL?
    Identify client strengths
    cluster data
    confirm or rule out
    document
  137. 137General Status OBSERVATIONbody build-muscles?
    nutritional status
    apparent age compared to stated age
    skin condition
    color
    dress
    hygiene
    posture
    LOC
    Behaviors
    body movement
    affect
    speech
  138. 138General Status PSYCHOLOGICAL STATUSVital signs (temp, pulse, RR, BP, Sp02, Pain)
  139. 139When do you assess vital signs?on admission (baseline needed)
    as ordered
    change in status
    LOC change/ unresponsive
    before, during, after a procedure or treatment
    before certain meds (BP, pain, diuretics)
    When in doubt/gut feeling
    before calling provider
  140. 140What is the thermoregulatory centerhypothalamus
  141. 141TEMPERATURE Metabolismhypothyroid vs. hyperthyroid
  142. 142TEMPERATURE Hormonalovulation, menopause
  143. 143TEMPERATURE Exerciseproduction of heat
  144. 144TEMPERATURE Shiveringto produce heat
    babies don't shiver
  145. 145HEAT LOSS OR MECHANISM OF HEAT TRANSFER radiationwarmer objects lose heat to cooler objects, heat lamp
  146. 146HEAT LOSS OR MECHANISM OF HEAT TRANSFER convectionopen window, drafts
  147. 147HEAT LOSS OR MECHANISM OF HEAT TRANSFER evaporationwater from body surface
  148. 148HEAT LOSS OR MECHANISM OF HEAT TRANSFER conductionobjects come into contact, patient comes into contact with cold bed
  149. 149Types of tools for temporal
    axillary
    temporal
    tympanic
    rectal
    critical care (bladder or esophageal probes)
  150. 150Common pulse sightstemporal
    carotid
    apical (heart)
    radial
    brachial
    femoral
    popliteal (behind knee)
    dorsalis pedis
    posterial tibial
  151. 151Heart Sounds"lub dub", closure of valves
  152. 152PULSErate: 60-100
    rhythm: regular? irregular? baseline?
    elasticity: spongy or not (bouncy)
  153. 153PULSE AMPLITUDE 0ABSENT
  154. 154PULSE AMPLITUDE 1+WEAK DIMINISHED (EASY TO OBLITERATE)
  155. 155PULSE AMPLITUDE 2+NORMAL OR BRISK
  156. 156PULSE AMPLITUDE 3+BOUNDING
    (DIFFICULT TO OBLITERATE)
  157. 157Respirationsinspiration/expiration= one cycle
    WDL: 12-20
    should be 1-2 inches in depth
  158. 158Blood Pressurethe measurement of force applied to the arterial walls during ventricular contraction and relaxation
  159. 159What affects BP- smoking
    - cardiac output (too much or too little)
    - PVR- peripheral vascular resistance
    - arterial elasticity or hardness (sclerosis vessels)
    - Blood volume (overhydration, dehydration) (hyper/hypovolemia)
    - blood thickness or thinness aka viscosity (blood thinner, blood disorders)
  160. 160Pulse Oximeter95-100%
    indirectly measure O2 in blood (peripherally)
  161. 161What affects Spo2?hemoglobin
    cool extremities
    poor circulation
  162. 162Epidermisouter layer
    sloughed cells
  163. 163Dermisvascular
    sensory fibers
  164. 164Subcutaneous Layerfat tissue
    connective tissue
  165. 165Function of the skinprotection
    prevents penetration
    perception
    temp regulation
    identification
    communication
    wound repair
    absorption and excretion
    production of vitamin
  166. 166—

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Nursing Flashcards on PRNU 113 Exam 1, created by Abigail Berard on 25/02/2021.
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Abigail Berard
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