Flashcards
English language techniques and definitions
Cards in this deck (54)
- 1ParenthesisComments that add clarity or detail to something that's already been said
- 2Modification of noun phrasesAnything added before the main head word is premodification
Anything added after the main headword is post modification - 3How is representation conveyed in articlesThe person or thing mentioned at the beginning of the articles headline is the main focus
- 4Dialect levellingThe overall reduction in variation between two or more dialects
- 5Passive voiceWhere the action is done by the subject
- 6Subordinate clauseAdds additional information but does not make sense alone
- 7Complex sentenceTwo or more main clauses
- 8Complex sentenceOne main clause and at least one subordinate clause
- 9Minor sentenceNot grammatically a sentence
- 10NounsCommon noun - naming a tangible material object
Abstract noun - naming an abstract concept
Proper noun - naming a specific example of a common noun - 11VerbsActive verb - A word that represents a physical action
Stative verb - A word that represents a process that is only mental
Auxiliary verb - A verbs that's used with another verb to create present participles e.g. DID you go?
Modal verbs - An auxiliary verb that expresses degrees of possibility - 12SuperlativesAn adjective that displays the most extreme value of its quantity eg. biggest, smallest
- 13ComparativesAdjectives that relate one thing to another in some way - usually end in er
e.g. bigger, smaller - 14ArticlesDefinite article - The
Indefinite article - A or an - 15Possessive pronounWords like mine, my, your, his, theirs
- 16Demonstrative pronounsWords like this, that, those
- 17Monosyllabic lexisWords of one syllable
- 18Polysyllabic lexisWords of two or more syllables
- 19Sentence moodImperative sentence mood - When a sentence is issuing a command
Declarative sentence mood - When a sentence is making a statement
Interrogative sentence mood - When a sentence is asking a question
Exclamatory sentence mood - When a sentence conveys a strong sense of emotion or overly strong emphasis - 20RegisterHigh register - Very formal
Low register - Not formal - 21ColloquialismInformal language use
- 22EllipsisWhen parts of a written text are missing, often indicated by ...
- 23SyntaxThe way words create meanings (the ordering of them to create specific meaning)
- 24HypophoraWhen a rhetorical question is immediately followed up by an answer in a text
- 25HyperboleDeliberate exaggeration of things for effect
- 26LitotesDeliberate downplaying of things for effect
- 27Parallelism/patterningThe creation of patterns in a text through repetition of words or phrases (phonological parallelism) or by balancing meanings (semantic parallelism) for effect
- 28TriplingGrouping in threes
- 29SynecdocheA metaphor that states that something is only a small constituent part of itself e.g. a new pair of wheels (car)
- 30AllusionTo refer to something metaphorically or indirectly
- 31Extended metaphorWhen a metaphor continues throughout a text with recurring references to the compared item
- 32Lexical fieldsLike semantic fields, the language of a certain area
- 33SemanticsThe meanings of a word
- 34HomonymWhen one word has multiple meanings
- 35ArchaismA wrod that over time has fallen out of common usage
- 36JuxtapositionPlacing together elements for a conscious effect - could be contrasting or complimentary
- 37AntithesisWhen ideas contrast or oppose oneanother
- 38OxymoronThe use of contradictory words in a phrase eg hot ice
- 39CollocationsWords that naturally go together and we collectively understand are inextricably linked
- 40ListingAsyndetic listing - The listing of elements without any coordinating conjunction
Syndetic listing - The listing of elements with a coordinating conjunction - 41Phonological featuresAny features that relate to sound eg alliteration
- 42AssonanceThe repetition of vowel sounds
- 43SatireA piece of writing that pokes fun at the societal establishment
- 44PasticheA piece of writing that imitates a form or genre to generate humour
- 45NeologismA newly invented word
- 46PortmanteauA newly invented word created by merging two words together eg chillax
- 47Compound wordsWords created by utilising exiting words separated by a hyphen
- 48ClippingColloquial omission of parts of words to create a more casual alternative eg cause
- 49IronyLanguage that conveys a meaning other than that which is literally expressed by the word, often for humorous effect
- 50EuphamismA polite way to say something that is usually considered socially inappropriate
- 51DysphemismAn unnecessarily extreme way of saying something which isn't normally socially appropriate
- 52IdoiomA saying where the words that make up the saying don't have the same meaning as the overall semantic effect eg I'm over the moon
- 53Synthetic personalisationCreating a 'false friend' to address in a text
- 54Deontic modalityConstructions that express degrees of necessity or obligation
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- AS level English Flashcards on English language techniques and definitions, created by lukas majda on 20/06/2023.
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- lukas majda
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