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Bio 2 Chapter Test 1 quizzes
Cards in this deck (26)
- 1Which branch point represents the most recent common ancestor of all bears? A) branch point 1 B) branch point 2 C) branch point 3 D) The most recent common ancestor to all living bears is not shown in this tree.A) branch point 1
- 2Which branch point represents the most recent common ancestor of the sloth bear and the spectacled bear? A) branch point 1 B) branch point 2 C) branch point 3 D) The sloth bear and the spectacled bear do not share a common ancestor.B) branch point 2
- 3Which branch point represents the most recent common ancestor of the Asian black bear and the brown bear? A) branch point 2 B) branch point 3 C) branch point 4 D) branch point 5C) branch point 4
- 4Which species is the basal taxon in this tree? A) the sloth bear B) the giant panda C) the spectacled bear D) the polar bearB) the giant panda
- 5Identify the sister taxon to the polar bear. A) the ancestor represented by branch point 7 B) the Asian black bear C) the American black bear D) the brown bearD) the brown bear
- 6According to this tree, is the sun bear more closely related to the sloth bear or the polar bear? A) the sloth bear B) the polar bear C) The sloth bear and the polar bear are equally distant relatives of the sun bear.B) the polar bear
- 7The tree includes the most recent common ancestor of all living species of bears (branch point 1). What does this tell you about this phylogenetic tree? A) This phylogenetic tree is rooted. B) The Ursidae family is a polyphyletic group. C) The Ursidae family is a paraphyletic group. D) This phylogenetic tree contains homoplasies.A) This phylogenetic tree is rooted
- 8Which of the following groups of species is a monophyletic group, or clade? A) sun bear, Asian black bear, American black bear, ancestral species 5, ancestral species 6 B) brown bear, polar bear, ancestral species 4, ancestral species 7 C) all species of living bears D) sun bear, sloth bear, spectacled bearA) sun bear, Asian black bear, American black bear, ancestral species 5, ancestral species 6
- 9The researchers compared the cytochrome b sequences of the two clades of Alaskan brown bears to those of 55 polar bears. The analysis showed that polar bears and ABC brown bears differ at only three nucleotides in this gene, whereas polar bears and mainland brown bears had more differences. Based on the results of the 2000 study, how should the portion of the tree extending from branch point 7 be altered?
- 10Based on the revised branch of the tree, what kind of group do brown bears plus ancestral species 7 represent? A) a monophyletic group B) a paraphyletic group C) a polyphyletic groupB) a paraphyletic group
- 11In which type of classification system are names assigned only to groups that include a common ancestor and all of its descendants? A) a system that groups organisms based solely on similar morphologies B) a system based entirely on evolutionary history C) a system based solely on cellular structures D) a system that groups organisms based on similar roles in the environmentB) a system based entirely on evolutionary history
- 12Animals that possess homologous structures probably __________. A) evolved from the same ancestor B) are headed for extinction C) had similar mutations in the past by chance D) are not related E) have increased genetic diversityA) evolved from the same ancestor
- 13Some beetles and flies have antler-like structures on their heads, much like male deer. The existence of antlers in beetle, fly, and deer species with strong male-male competition is an example of which of the following? A) parsimony B) similarity due to shared ancestry C) convergent evolution D) homologyC) convergent evolution
- 14The term convergent evolution is most applicable to which of the following characteristics? A) the wing of a bat and the wing of a chicken B) the presence of an opposable thumb in humans and chimpanzees C) the fur that covers Australian moles and North American moles D) the layer of fat found under the skin of mammals such as dolphins and polar bearsA) the wing of a bat and the wing of a chicken
- 15What is the function of fimbriae? A) they are used to transfer DNA during conjugation B) they are used in motility C) they are used to attach the cell to its substrate or to other prokaryotes D) they are components of the outer cell wall in gram-negative bacteria E) they protect the cell from dehydrationC) they are used to attach the cell to its substrate or to other prokaryotes
- 16Jams, jellies, preserves, honey, and other foods with high sugar content hardly ever become contaminated by bacteria, even when the food containers are left open at room temperature. Which of the following statements best explains the inability of bacteria to survive in such an environment? A) they are unable to metabolize the glucose or fructose, and thus starve to death B) they are unable to swim through these thick and viscous materials C) they undergo death as a result of water loss from the cell D) they are obligate anaerobesC) they undergo death as a result of water loss from the cell
- 17Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that targets prokaryotic ribosomes, but not eukaryotic ribosomes. Based on an understanding of eukaryotic origins, which of these questions might be a target for research on chloramphenicol from this observation? A) Can chloramphenicol pass through the capsules possessed by many cyanobacteria? B) Can chloramphenicol be used to study ribosomal mutations in eukaryotes? C) Can chloramphenicol also be used to control human diseases that are caused by archaeans? D) If chloramphenicol inhibits prokaryotic ribosomes, should it not also inhibit mitochondrial ribosomes?D) If chloramphenicol inhibits prokaryotic ribosomes, should it not also inhibit mitochondrial ribosomes?
- 18Select the valid comparison between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. A) Eukaryotes are far more metabolically diverse than prokaryotes. B) The total biomass of eukaryotes is approximately ten times the total biomass of prokaryotes. C) Prokaryote cells have simpler internal structure and genomic organization than eukaryotic cells.C) Prokaryote cells have simpler internal structure and genomic organization that eukaryotic cells.
- 19Which of the following processes contributes to genetic recombination in prokaryotes? A) Mutation B) Transduction C) MeiosisB) Transduction
- 20Which of the following statements about obligate anaerobes is correct? A) They live exclusively by cellular respiration or by anaerobic respiration. B) They will use O2 if it is present, but can obtain energy by fermentation if needed. C) They obtain energy by oxidizing ferrous ions. D) They are poisoned by O2. E) They use O2 for cellular respiration and cannot grow without it.D) They are poisoned by O2.
- 21Photoautotrophs use A) light as an energy source and methane as a carbon source. B) CO2 as both an energy source and a carbon source. C) N2 as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source. D) light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source.D) light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source.
- 22Which of the following involves metabolic cooperation among prokaryotic cells? A) binary fission B) biofilms C) endospore formation D) photoautotrophyB) biofilms
- 23Living organisms can be divided into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. How do these two groups differ? A) their electron acceptors B) their mode of inheritance C) their sources of carbon D) the way that they generate ATPC) their sources of carbon
- 24Bacteria perform a number of ecological roles. Which role typically involves symbiosis? A) decomposition B) chemical recycling C) immobilizing nutrients D) skin commensalistD) skin commensalist
- 25If all prokaryotes on Earth suddenly vanished, which of the following would be the most likely and most direct result? A) the recycling of nutrients would be greatly reduced B) there would be no more pathogens C) bacteriophage numbers would dramatically increase D) human populations would thrive in the absence of diseaseA) the recycling of nutrients would be greatly reduced
- 26A type of bacteria colonizes on the surface of a leaf, where it obtains nutrition from the leaf's nonliving, waxy covering without harming the plant, and inhibits the growth of other microbes that are plant pathogens. If this bacteria gains access to the inside of a leaf, however, it causes a fatal disease in the plant. Once the plant dies, the bacterium and its offspring decompose the plant. What is the correct sequence of ecological roles played by the bacterium in the situation described here? A) mutualist, pathogen, nutrient recycler B) mutualist, commensalist, pathogen C) nutrient recycler, mutualist, primary producer D) nutrient recycler, commensalist, pathogenA) mutualist, pathogen, nutrient recycler
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- Biology Flashcards on Bio 2 Chapter Test 1 quizzes, created by Ashleigh McDevitt on 24/01/2024.
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