Flashcards
computer science year 11 mock
Cards in this deck (65)
- 1what is a computer?an electronic, programmable data processing machine
- 2what is a computer system?is a collection of hardware and software working tougher to achieve some data processing task
- 3what does the computer system do?input, process, store and output
- 4what is a user interface?a boundary between the end user and the system
- 5examples of a computer system? and what are the inputs/outputs/processingsystem-holiday booking
inputs-dates/destination
processors-check availability
output- tickets/hotel info - 6what is an embedded system?systems that are part of a larger system, they are usually also control system. they include portable devices such as: digital watches/satnavs/cameras/mp3
- 7what is a control system ?systems that controls machinery rather than produces outputs
- 8what is meant in reliability in a computer system ?- that they are working
- without any glitches
- data is secure - 9What is open soure?open standards are publicaly available, produced collaboratively,free of charge ir small cost.
- 10What does cpu stand for?central processing unit
- 11What does the cpu do?carries out all processing in a computer
- 12What is the fetch execute cycle?1) fetch the instruction from memory
2)decode the instructions
3) executes the process - 13What does alu stand for?Arithmetic logic unit (carries out the 'maths' operations)
- 14What does the control unit do?uses electrical signals to control the flow of data within the cpu
- 15What is clock speed?the number of cucles per second mesured in Hz
- 16What is cache memory?a way of storing data quickly however it is very expensive
- 17What is meant by mutiple processor cores ?more than one core so the computer can do more than one task at a time
- 18Explain ramRandom access memory
Volatile
Can be accessed and changed
Stores data being used by the computer
Contains the operating system
Large - 19Explain romNon volatile
Programed during a computers manifactuon
Stores instructions and data required to start up the computer
Contains boot program
Small - 20What is the boot program?its a sequence of processes that contains all the information and instructions to get the comouter up and running
- 21What is virtual memory?is part of the hardrive and is used when the computer does not have enough ram. It is slower than ram so by adding more ram it imoroves the speed of the computer
- 22What is flash memory?its a thpe of rom that can be rewritten. Used in portsble medium such as sd cards and usb
- 23What is the operationg systerm?Set of programs that controlls the hardware and lets users and aplications work with the computer
- 24Why is using files good?makes it easier for end user to locate
- 25What is meant by the file types doc,pdf and html?doc-word document
Pdf-portable document format(used to store documents in exactly defined format it cant be changed by anyone else)
Html-hypertext makeup lamguage (web pages) - 26What is meant by the file typesXls-microsoft excel spreadsheet
Mdb-microsfot access database
Exe-executable(- program that can run)
Jog-joint photgraphic experts group(compreessed image)
Mp3-(music file ussing lossy compression) - 27What is a utility program?software tools that help make maintaing the system easier
- 28What is anti virus software?detects and removes viruses
- 29What is spyware?checks and removes programs that record the websites you vistit and passwrods you use
- 30What Are firewals?monitor traffic entering and leaving systems in oder to block unauthorised material
- 31Advantages of custom written softwareadvantages-customised to needs of customer
Extacly the right feature
Developer made provide training
Devleoper can be contacted if something is wrong - 32Disadvantages of custom writtenmay not be as extensively tested
May be expensive
May take a long tome to develop - 33advantages of off the shelfits is ready to use
been tested well
has less problems
user guides
low cost - 34disadvantages of off the shelfwont be exactly what the customer needs
may need to be customised
customer may have to search for training providers - 35advantages of open sourceit may be free of charge
can be altered because the source code is available
very reliable - 36disadvantages of open sourceno maintenance contracts
no contact if there is any problems
may be a different platform the company already uses - 37advantages of proprietarysomeone to go to if there is a problem
tested
regular updates - 38disadvantages of proprietaryexpensive
users may get "locked into" the software
may be inflexible for the users needs - 39what is the importance of a database?-key for a business to work
-must be accurate
-makes it easy to find data
-need to protect the data - 40what is validation?process of checking data when it is inputted
- 41what are validation methods and meaning?length check-must have a certain number of characters
type check-must be a certain data type
range check-must fall between certain limits
presence check-must be filled in
lookup check-must match what is held on the file
format check-must conform to a certain pattern
check digit- must be exactly the same as data previously entered - 42what are diagnostics?diagnoses what is wrong with the computer
- 43what is meant by verification?checking data entered is correct it can be a visual check
- 44what is the structure of a database?table
field
record
row
Column - 45what is a database management system?The software that looks after a database at a fundamental level.
- 46What are the 5 data typesInteger
Real
Character
String
Boolean - 47What is the data type integer and give an example of use?whole number values
E.g 26
Used to store data such as quantities - 48What is the data type real and give an example of use ?numbers with a decim
- 49What is the data type character and give an example of use?Single character
E.g a,H,6 or &
used to store signle characters - 50What is the data type string and give an example of use?A string of characters
E.g phone numbers or postcode - 51What is the data type boolean and give an example of use?one of two value
E.g true or false - 52What is a form?provides a friendly user interface so the user can input data onto a database
- 53What is a report?outputted from a database. Set up to sumarise a group pf data
- 54What is query?its used to extract a subset of data in a data base
- 55What is a network?a collection of connected computers plus their peripherals
- 56Advantages of Lan (local area network)central storage so data sharining is easy
Central storage makes back ups easy
Easy to update
Easlily monitored
Security pollicy can be centrally admitted
Users can communicate with each other
Peripherals can be shared - 57Disadvantages of lanmaintances is expensive
Network problems might effect all users
Security may be a problem because data is accessible from many locations - 58What is wan?wide area network
It covers large are. The ultimate an is the internet.
-often connect lan tougher
-they make use of publicly available telecome facilities
-allow bussiness to function from any location - 59What is compression?its often used to speed up the transmissions of data such as images it changes the data into a form that uses fewer bits of data than the original data
- 60What is lossy?lossy compression reduces the file by permently deleating certain information.
- 61What is lossless?every bit of data remains after the file has been uncompressed
- 62What is ip adressing?Ip adress tells you where to go or send data, you can give a computer an ip adress. Each website is stored on a computer and these have an ip adress like a postcode and adress so you know where to send a letter to.
- 63What is mac adressing?A mac adress is given to the hardware and cannot be changed, a computer might have several mac adresses for wireless, for wired for blue tooth etc.
- 64What are topologies?topologies refers to the layout of a network.
- 65What is an algorithim?algorithims provide a computer with a set of instruction or rules that are followed to complete a task
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- GCSE Computer Science Flashcards on computer science year 11 mock, created by Amrit A on 12/02/2016.
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- Amrit A · Feb 2016
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- Sep 10, 2016
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- Created by Jodie Awthinre · Feb 12, 2016
- Copied by Amrit A · Feb 12, 2016
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