Flashcards
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1Eukaryotic Cells- Major organelles are contained within membranes
- Have a proper nucleus
- Usually have Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, Chloroplast etc.
- Examples; Animals, Plants and Fungi - 2Prokaryotic Cells- Contain no nucleus
- No membrane-bound organelles
- Unicellular organisms
- Less complexed
- Components float freely within cytoplasm
- Examples: Bacteria and Archaea - 3What is the structure and function of the Plasma Membrane?Structure: Found on surface of animal cells
Function: Regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell, has receptor molecules - 4What is the structure and function of the Cell Wall?Structure: Rigid structure mainly made of the carbohydrate cellulose
Function: Supports plant cells - 5What is the structure and function of the Nucleus?Structure: Large organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope (double membrane) containing pores, chromatin and the nucleolus
Function: Contains DNA to control the cell and releases RNA and produces ribosomes - 6What is the structure and function of the Lysosome?Structure: Round organelle surrounded by a membrane
Function: Contains digestive enzymes to digest invading cells or break down worn out components of the cell - 7What is the structure and function of the Ribosome?Structure: Very small organelle that either floats free in the cytoplasm or attached to RER
Function: The site where proteins are made - 8What is the structure and function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)?Structure: System of membranes enclosing a fluid filled space. Surface covered in ribosomes. Folds and processes proteins.
- 9What is the structure and function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)?Structure: System of membranes enclosing fluid filled space.
Function: Synthesises and processes lipids. - 10What is the structure and function of vesicles?Structure: Small fluid filled sac in cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane.
Function: Transports substances, formed at golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum or the cell surface. - 11What is the structure and function of the Golgi Apparatus?Structure: Group of fluid filled flattened sacks, vesicles often at the edge of the sacks.
Function: Processes and packages new lipids and proteins, also makes lysosomes. - 12What is the structure and function of the Mitochondrion?Structure: Oval-shaped, double membrane- inner folded into cristae which forms the matrix containing enzymes.
Function: Site of aerobic respiration, ATP produced. - 13What is the structure and function of the Chloroplast?Structure: Small, flattened structure found in plant cells, double membrane, thylakoid membranes are stacked up to from grana linked by lamellae.
Function: Site of photosynthesis. - 14What is the structure and function of the Centriole?Structure: Small, hallow cylinders containing a ring of micro tubules.
Function: Involved with the separation of chromosomes during cell division. - 15What is the structure and function of the Cillia?Structure: Small hair like structures found on the surface membrane of some animal cells. Outer membrane and 9-2 microtubules.
Function: Microtubules allow cillia to move to move substances along the cell surface. - 16What is the structure and function of the flagellum?Structure: Surrounded by plasma membrane with 9-2 microtubules.
Function: Micrtotubes contract to make the flagellum move propels the cell forward. - 17Outline the four structures of the Cytoskeleton.1. Support - microtubules and microfilaments hold the organelles in place.
2. Strengthen the cell and maintain shape.
3. Transport organelles and material within the cell.
4. Move the cell. - 18Where is the DNA held in a prokaryotic cell?No nucleus - DNA free in the cytoplasm
- 19Where is the DNA held in an Eukaryotic cell?Nucleus present - DNA is inside the nucleus.
- 20Do prokaryotics have a cell wall? If so, what is it made of?Yes, a polysaccharide called peptidoglycan.
- 21Do Eukaryotics have a cell wall? If so what is it made of?Animals = no cell wall.
Plants = Cellulose cell wall.
Fungi = Chitin cell wall.
Information
- Description
- AS - Level AS Biology Flashcards on Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells, created by Francesca Wilson on 29/03/2016.
- Created by
- Francesca Wilson · Mar 2016
- Updated
- Jun 25, 2016
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