Flashcards
Bio 366- Northern Ecology of Birds
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1Rapport's rulelatitudinal ranges of
plants and animals are generally
smaller at low than at high latitudes - 2What are 3 strategies for northern living?1. permanent residents
2. short-distance migrants (winter in temperate areas)
3. long-distance migrants (wintering in the tropics) - 3Define Nearcticthe zoogeographic region of North
America, Greenland and N Mexico - 4Palaearcticthe zoogeographic region of Europe,
North Africa, W Asia, Siberia, N China, Japan - 5Holarcticthe zoogeographic region comprising
the Nearctic and Palaearctic - 6Zoogeographystudy of the geographical distribution of
animals and animal communities - 7Tree cavitieshollowed out portions of live or dead trees originating
from…..
• Natural (non-animal) agents – decay or
physical damage, fungus, broken limbs
• Excavation – usually by woodpeckers - 8Primary Excavatorsspecies that create their own
cavity, usually woodpeckers - 9Weak Excavatorscan create their own cavity but also
often renovate, enlarge or otherwise use existing
cavities, e.g. chickadees, nuthatches - 10Secondary Cavity Nesters / Userscannot create their
own cavity, rely on those created by primary or weak
excavators or natural cavities, e.g. swallows, ducks, - 11Why use cavities?1. avoid predation
2. Refuge from weather – more stable
temperature, drier, less wind, generally warmer
when nesting, but especially for single and
communal roosting in cold weather
(nuthatches, bats) - 12Synchronous hatchingbecause eggs are all incubated at the same
time, the eggs in a clutch all hatch at the same
time, even though egg laid over 2 weeks - 13What are the benefits of migrating north?long photoperiod
– allows more time for foraging
• abundant food (but limited over time)
• reduced competition - 14capital breedersaccumulate nutrient reserves
before breeding and these are used to form the
eggs (e.g., geese) - 15income breedersingest food and immediately
divert a fraction into egg formation without
relying on stored reserves
Information
- Description
- flash cards for basic terms and concepts
- Created by
- j.amitaf
- Views
- 13
- Tags
- Rating