Flashcards
PE Theory - Harm Minimisation
Cards in this deck (49)
- 1What is a risk?Any action with an unpredictable outcome.
- 2Provide some examples of acceptable risk taking.> Forming new relationships
> Beginning something new
> Admitting you made mistakes - 3Provide some examples of destructive risk taking.> Drink driving
> Drug abuse
> Unsafe sex
> Smoking
> Vandalism
> Stealing - 4What are some consequences of taking destructive risks?> Injury and pain
> Embarrassment
> Grief and loss
> Financial costs - 5What are some unsafe behaviours and attitudes?> Impulsive
> Impatient
> Disobedient
> Careless
> Thoughtless
> Aggressive
> Invincible
> Irresponsible - 6What are some common causes of accidents?> Lack of knowledge
> Lack of skill
> Clumsiness
> Bad habits - 7What are the two layers of the skin?> Epidermis: The outer layer of the skin made of keratin.
> Dermis: The inner layer of skin that contains hair roots and glands that produce sweat, blood and lymph vessels, and nerves. - 8What are the three main forms of skin cancer?> Basal cell carcinoma
> Squamous cell carcinoma
> Melonoma - 9Describe basal and squamous cell carcinomas.> These two skin cancers are the most common, although least dangerous.
> There is a high risk of developing these cancers (2 in 3)
> They cause disfiguration, but rarely cause death - 10Describe melanoma.> Less common (1 in 35)
> Can be fatal if not detected and treated early on
> Can spread throughout the body. - 11What are the signs and symptoms of skin cancer?> A non-healing sore
> A small lump that is red, pale or pearly in colour
> A new spot, freckle or mole that changes colour, thickness or shape - 12What causes skin cancer?> Over-exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays
- 13Who is most at risk of developing skin cancer?> People with fair skin
> People with fair or red hair
> People living in hot climates
> People who spend a lot of time outdoors
> People with lots of moles
> People who do not protect their skin. - 14How can you stay sunsmart?> Avoid the sun in the middle of the day
> Seek shade whenever possible
> Wear protective clothing
> Use 30+ sunscreen
> Protect yourself all year round - 15What is a drug?Any chemical substance that alters the physical, mental or emotional state of the body.
- 16What are the two main categories of drugs?> Licit: legal drugs
> Illicit: illegal drugs - 17What are some examples of illicit drugs?> cannabis
> narcotics
> cocaine
> hallucinogens
> stimulants
> amphetamines - 18What are the two main types of licit drugs?> Prescription (only allowed to use if given permission by a doctor)
> Non-prescription (substances that can be used in any amount) - 19Provide some examples of prescription and non-prescription drugs.> Prescription: penicillin, antibiotics
> Non-prescription: alcohol, tobacco, caffeine, cough medicine, antihistamenes - 20What are the main types of drugs? (what they do, examples)> Stimulants (amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine)
> Depressants (alcohol, analgesics, narcotics, tranquilisers)
> Hallucinogens (LSD, cannabis)
> Inhalants (glues, fuels, solvents)
> Analgesics (panadol, aspirin) - 21What are stimulants?Have the capacity to temporarily speed up your body processes and give a burst of energy.
- 22What are depressants?How the capacity to slow down vital activities and calm a person down.
- 23What are hallucinogens?Capable of making you hallucinate or alter your perception (see visions or hear voices)
- 24What are inhalants?Drugs that are taken by breathing or inhaling them into your system.
- 25What are analgesics?Painkillers such as Panadol or Aspirin.
- 26What are anabolic steroids?drugs that increase oxygen flow to your blood, making your cardiovascular and respiratory systems stronger and more enduring (used illegally by athletes to improve performance).
- 27What are the short-term effects of caffeine?> Greater alertness
> Improved concentration
> Energy release in muscles
> Shaking or trembling
> Shortened sleep - 28What are the long term effects of caffeine?> Chronic insomnia
> Persistent anxiety
> Depression
> Upset stomach
> Physical dependence on caffeine - 29What is in a cigarette?> Arsenic
> Nicotine
> Tar
> Carbon monoxide
> Tobacco - 30What are the short-term effects of smoking?> Lung capacity decreases
> Breath smells
> Blood carries less oxygen
> Heart rate quickens
> Teeth stain yellow
> Hands shake
> Fitness decreases - 31What are the long-term effects of smoking?> Emphysema
> Lungs coated in tar
> Smoker's cough
> Chronic bronchitis
> Cancers
> Heart disease - 32What is passive smoking?When passersby breathe in another person's cigarette smoke, either from the smoke coming off the cigarette or the smoke being exhaled by the smoker.
- 33What can passive smoking lead to?> Asthma attacks
> Eye, throat and nose irritation
> Headaches and fatigue
> Smelly clothes/hair - 34What is alcohol?A colourless liquid produced when sugars in fruits or grains ferment. It has no nutritional value, but contains a large number of calories.
- 35What are the basic standard drink sizes?> Regular beer: 285mL
> Table wine: 120mL
> Fortified wine: 60mL
> Spirits: 30mL - 36What are the short-term effects of alcohol consumption?> Coordination deteriorates
> Happier and more relaxed
> Increased confidence
> Louder and rowdier - 37What are the long-term effects of alcohol consumption?> Alcoholism
> Cancer
> Liver cirrhosis
> Malnutrition
> Violence
> Brain damage - 38What are the results of alcohol abuse?> Drownings
> Suicides
> Child abuse
> Marriage breakdowns
> Domestic violence
> Road accidents
> Violent crime (e.g. robbery or rape) - 39What are some of the basic laws surrounding alcohol?> It is illegal to be drunk in a public place
> It is illegal to sell alcohol to U18
> It is illegal for U18's to drink in public
> It is illegal to drive under the influence of alcohol - 40What is binge drinking?Occurs when more than four drinks are consumed in one sitting. This is dangerous because the liver had to work extra hard to flush the body of all the excess alcohol.
- 41How can you remove alcohol from your system?You simply have to let your body flush out the alcohol through sweat, breath, urine and liver. Nothing else can speed up this process.
- 42What is BAC?Blood Alcohol Concentration.
- 43What is the legal BAC level for an open driver's license holder?Below 0.05% BAC.
> For people with L's or P's, the limit is 0%. - 44How much is safe to drink for men and women respectively?> Men: two standard drinks in the first hour, one every hour after that.
> Women: one standard drink in the first hour, one every hour after that. - 45What is cannabis?> Most well-known illegal drug
> Marijuana: flowers and leaves of the cannabis plant
> Hashish/hashish oil: from the plant's resin - 46What are the immediate effects of cannabis?> Feeling happy and relaxed
> Paranoia and anxiety
> Vomiting and nausea
> Loss of concentration/coordination
> Bloodshot eyes
> Hallucinations - 47What are the possible long-term effects of cannabis?> Increased risk of respiratory disease
> Boredom
> Loss of energy
> Loss of concentration
> Decreased sex drive
> Psychotic behaviour
> Permanent dependence
*Cannabis contains twice the amount of tar as a cigarette when smoked - 48What are the local laws regarding cannabis?> In QLD, it is illegal to use or traffic any illicit drugs.
> If you do any of the above, you will be given a criminal record. - 49What are amphetamines?> Tablets or capsules sometimes referred to as 'speed'
> Cause increase in pulse and breathing rate, can increase blood pressure
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- PE Flashcards on PE Theory - Harm Minimisation, created by Vivi Grace on 29/08/2016.
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- Vivi Grace · Aug 2016
- Updated
- Mar 7, 2018
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