Flashcards
Planet Earth Lab 2
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1Rock CycleLinks all variety of rocks together
1) Igneous Rocks
2) Sedimentary Rocks
3) Metamorphic Rocks - 2Igneous Rock CycleCame from the ground and started off as liquid. "Then they came up and were either placed within the ground or came to the surface as a volcano."
- 3Sedimentary Rock CycleThe process of Igneous Rock erosion. Little pieces are broken down, and get carried away (via water), and are deposited elsewhere. Then they are lithified into a rock.
- 4LithificationTo transform sediment into stone.
- 5Metamorphic Rock CycleSedimentary Rocks are buried to a certain depth, then their mineral chemistry changes once pressure and heat is applied. If the Metamorphic rock is melted, the cycle begins again starting at Igneous.
- 6Plutonic (Texture Type)These rocks formed from liquid underground which cooled very slowly. It is because of this slow cooling, that the minerals were allowed to grow very big. We call it PHANERITIC instead.
- 7Volcanic (Texture Type)When the liquid comes from the volcano (above the surface), it cools quicker. This produces glass-like rocks or small grained ones. We call them APHANITIC (fine-grained crystals), and PORPHYRITIC (visible crystals).
- 8Pegmatitic RockTextures have huge mineral grains in a single rock. They were cooled with a lot of water which helped mineral growth.
- 9Series of Volcanic TexturesMostly glass because the liquid did not have a chance to crystallize at all.
- 10ObsidianVolcanic glass; usually black or brown and has a fracture surface which looks like a piece of broken glass. AKA: CONCHOIDAL FRACTURE
- 11PumiceWhen gasses escape from the liquid volcanic rock, it creates a "bubbling" texture. It can even float on water, usually grey, or red.
- 12VesiclesSimilar to Pumices, however the holes in the rock travel like worm tunnels. Water can carry minerals through these holes and fill them to form AMYGDULES (filled vesicles).
- 13Pyroclastic RocksClastic= Sedimentary rocks, and Pyro= fire. Ash from the volcano layers itself to create what is called Tuff. However, when the tuff is produced by ashes it is refered to Ash-Flow, or Ash-Fall Tuff. This depends whether the ash flowed down the volcano, or if it dropped from an altitude.
- 14Felsic (Grouped Light-Colored Rocks)Color: Light
Chemical Compound: Feldspar + Silica (Quartz) - 15Mafic (Grouped Dark-Colored Rocks)Color: Dark
Chemical Compound: Magnesium (Ma) + Iron (Fe) - 16Intermediate (Grouped Middle-Colored Rocks)Color: In-between Light and Dark.
- 17UltramaficColor: Lighter than Mafic
Chemical Compound: No Quartz or Feldspar - 18Volcanic v.s. Plutonic
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- Planet Earth Flashcards on Planet Earth Lab 2, created by Isaac Sanchez on 14/10/2016.
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- Isaac Sanchez
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