Flashcards
Factors affecting enzyme activity
Cards in this deck (17)
- 1What does a higher temperature cause?- More kinetic energy
- More frequent collisions
- Higher rate of reaction - 2What is temperature coefficient?Measure how much rate of a reaction increases with a 10 degrees rise in temp
- 3How do enzymes denature?High temperatures put strains on the tertiary bonds of the active site and permanently change shape.
- 4What does optimum conditions mean?Optimum conditions are when enzymes have the fastest rate of reaction
- 5What happens once the active site denatures?Rate of reaction rapidly decreases and eventually stops
- 6How are enzymes adapted to the cold?- Flexible structures
- Less stable
- Smaller temperature changes denatures them - 7How are thermophiles adapted to high temperatures?- More bonds (more stable)
- Hydrogen bonds and sulfur bridges
- More resistant to temperature change - 8What holds proteins together?Hydrogen and ionic bonds between amino acid R-groups
- 9What does a change in pH cause?Change in hydrogen ion concentration
- 10How does the hydrogen ion conc. affect the pH?- More ions = lower pH (acids)
- Less ions = higher pH (alkali) - 11How does the optimum pH affect the active site?Active site is only the right shape at certain hydrogen ion concentration
- 12What is renaturation?When the protein resumes normal shape when the pH turns to optimum and catalyses reaction again.
- 13How does pH break bonds?- More hydrogen ions present
- Less R-Group interactions
- Bonds break
- Enzyme denatured - 14Saliva? (where, pH, enzyme, breaks down)- Mouth/throat
- pH 7-8
- Amylase
- Starch to maltose - 15Gastric juice? (where, pH, enzyme, breaks down)- Stomach
- pH 1-2
- Pepsin (proteins to polypeptides) - 16Pancreatic Juice? (where, pH, enzyme, breaks down)- Small intestine/duodenum
- pH 8
- Trypsin (proteins to polypeptides)
- Lipase (triglycerides to glycerol + fatty acids)
- Amylase (starch to maltose)
- Maltase (maltose to glucose) - 17What happens if the conc. of the substrate is increased?- Increased number of substrate molecules, atoms or ions in a particular area
- Higher collision rate
- Rate of reaction increases to vMAX
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- AS level Biology (Chapter 04 - Enzymes) Flashcards on Factors affecting enzyme activity, created by Bethany Westwood on 29/11/2016.
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- Bethany Westwood
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