Flashcards
Ch. 11: Prisons
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1Prison-A state or federal confinement facility that has custodial authority over adults sentenced to confinement
-The incarceration rate for state and federal prisoners sentenced to more than a year has reached a record 504 prisoners for every 100,000 U.S. residents
-Huge disparity between blacks and whites in prison
Incarceration rate for black males was seven times greater than the figure for whites - 2Philosophy of Imprisonment-Overcrowded prison today are the result of "get tough on crime" attitudes that have swept the nation for the past few decades
-Imprisonment is seen as a fully deserved consequence of criminal behavior
- "Get Tough" philosophy has been here for some time
-"Three strikes you're out" laws - 3Justice Model-A contemporary model of imprisonment based on the principle of just deserts
-Emphasizes individual responsibility and the punishment of offenders
-Has become the operative principle underlying many of today's correctional initiatives - 4Dimensions of Overcrowding-Just deserts philosophy led to substantial and continued increases in the American prison population
-Even as crimes were dropping - 5Three Definitions of Prison Capacity1. Rated Capacity
-Number of inmates a prison can handle according to experts
2. Operational Capacity
-The number of inmates a prison can effectively accommodate based on management considerations
3. Design Capacity
-The number of inmates a prison was intended to hold when it was built or modified - 6Strategy to Reduce Prison Populations-Collective incapacitation
Found in states that rely on predetermined, or fixed, sentences
-Selective incapacitation
Seeks to identify the most dangerous criminals with the goal of removing them from society - 7Maximum-custody prisons-High level of security characterized by high fences, thick walls, secure cells, gun towers, armed prison guards
-Death-row inmates are all maximum-security prisoners - 8Medium-Security Prisoners-Generally permitted more freedom to associate with one another
-Less intense supervision - 9Minimum-Security Institutions-Generally housed in dormitory-like settings
-Free to walk the yard and to visit most of the prison facility
-Typical American prison today is medium or minimum custody - 10JailA confinement facility administered by an agency of local government
- 11Purposes of Jails-Receiving individuals pending arraignment, holding for trial, conviction, sentencing
-Readmitting probation, parole, and bail violators
-Detaining juveniles
-Holding individuals for the military
-Releasing inmates upon completion of sentence - 12Jails and the Future-Jails receive relatively little attention from the media
-Have generally escaped public scrutiny
-National efforts are underway to improve the quality of jail life
-Jail Industries - 13Regional Jails-A jail that is built and run using the combined resources of a variety of local jurisdictions
-Regional jails have been to replace the smaller and older local jails - 14Emergence of State Jail Standards-Purpose is to identify the basic minimum conditions necessary for inmate health and safety
-Increased standards are costly
-Lack of a written plan - 15PrivatizationThe movement toward the wider use of private prisons
- 16Private Prison-A correctional institution operated by a private firm on behalf of a local or state government
-Hold 6.8% of all state prisoners and 16.5% of federal prisoners
-The growth rate of the private prison industry has been around 35% annually - 17Barriers to Privatization-Old state laws that prohibit private involvement in correctional management
-Strikes by correctional officers
-State's liability will not transfer to private corrections - 18Critique's to Privatization-Profit motive keep individuals in prison
-State found that private prisons cost more than publicly run prisons
Result: Growth rate of private Prisons has decreased
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- Criminal Justice (Final) Flashcards on Ch. 11: Prisons, created by VICTORIA NORIEGA on 15/12/2016.
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- VICTORIA NORIEGA
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