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Description
Flashcards by Amelia Claire, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Amelia Claire
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 1. Which of these drugs is used to treat an ADR? a. Aspirin b. Paracetamol c. N-acetylcysteine d. Chloramphenicol | a. Incorrect, aspirin is anti-inflammatory and pain medication b. Incorrect, paracetamol it is a pain medication c. Correct,N-acetylcysteine it is a precursor of glutathione! d. Incorrect, Chloramphenicol it is an antibiotic |
| 2. What is the definition of “off-target” ADRs? a. ADR targeting unknown receptors b. ADRs linked with receptor targets outside BBB c. ADRs occurring at unintended targets d. ADR linked with intended receptor target | c. ADRs occurring at unintended targets |
| 3. Aspirin given for preventing blood clots causing GIT bleeding would represent: a. “On-target” ADR b. “Off-target” ADR c. Idiosyncratic ADR d. Exaggerated ADR | a. Correct, it is related to blood clotting inhibition! b. Incorrect, it relates to blood clotting c. Incorrect, see the definition of idiosyncratic ADRs d. Incorrect, such term does not exist |
| 4. What is the definition of Type F ADR according to Australian classification scheme for ADRs? a. Expected failure of therapy b. Unexpected failure of therapy c. Dose-related failure of therapy d. Delayed failure of therapy | b. Correct! Unexpected failure of therapy |
| 5. Type F ADRs are often caused by: a. Abrupt drug treatment discontinuation b. Delayed and not dose related effects c. Drug interactions d. Long-term and high dose drug use | c. Drug interactions |
| 6. Paracetamol toxicity was normally prevented by liver synthesis of: a. Acetaminophen b. Glucuronyl transferase c. N-acetyl cysteine d. Glutathione | a. Incorrect, it is another name for Paracetamol b. Incorrect, transfer enzyme. see the corresponding slide c. Incorrect, it is drug (not made by liver) d. Correct! |
| 7. Liver Phase II reactions are fully developed after: a. 1 month of life b. 2 months of life c. 3 months of life d. 4 months of life | C - 3 months of life |
| 8. Gray Baby Syndrome develops because of: a. Circulatory collapse b. Excessive diarrhoea c. Impaired liver glucoronisation reaction d. Impaired liver acetylation reaction | a. Incorrect, that is a consequence b. Incorrect, that is a consequence c. Correct! d. Incorrect, wrong Phase II reaction |
| 9. Gasping baby syndrome is caused by increased levels of: a. Benzyl alcohol b. Benzoic acid c. Hippuric Acid d. Benzaldehyde | benzoic acid |
| 10. Teratogens are substances that cause: a. Defects in mother’s placenta b. Birth defects in foetus c. Vomiting in pregnant women d. Bleeding in pregnant women | a. Incorrect, it is a foetal defect b. Correct! c. Incorrect, it is a foetal defect d. Incorrect, it is a foetal defect |
| 11. Food and herbal supplements should be investigated carefully in people treated with drugs because: they could induce drug metabolism They could inhibit drug metabolism They may compete with drugs for ADME All of the above | All of the above |
| Why is important to immediately report any unexpected ADRs observed in practice? A. Because ADRs could only occur in patients who are taking drugs at home B. Because clinical studies cannot identify ADRs C. Because it is a job of health care provider to report all ADRs D. Because rare ADRs could only be observed in large patient population | D Because rare ADRs could only be observed in large patient population |
| 13. Clinical study Phase 3 typical design includes: a. Healthy volunteers b. Initial screen for therapeutic activity c. Experimental group vs. control group d. Post-marketing drug evaluation | a. Incorrect, that is Phase 1 b. Incorrect, that is Phase 2 c. Correct! d. Incorrect, that is Phase 4 |
| 14. “Reptilian”, primitive or instinctive brain function is to: a. Allow us to find the best solution in complex situations b. Suppress our aggression c. Control our tribal and territorial behaviour d. Support our instinctive survival | a. Incorrect, it is an automatic response b. Incorrect, it is quite opposite c. Incorrect, it is quite opposite d. Correct! |
| 15. Autonomic nervous system is a part of: a. Sympathetic nervous system b. Parasympathetic nervous system c. Sensory nervous system d. Motor nervous system | d. motor nervous system |
| 16. Which muscle type is NOT an effector of ANS? a. Skeletal muscle b. Cardiac muscle c. Smooth muscle d. Gland muscle | a. skeletal muscle |
| Autonomic nervous system conduction is slower because of: | Thinly or un-myelinated axons |
| acetylcholine can be inhibitory or excitatory | Acetylcholine interacts with G-protein coupled receptors with either Gi or Gs alpha subunits |
| the affect of ACh could either be inhibitory or excitatory because: | Acetylcholine interacts with G-protein coupled receptors with either Gi or Gs alpha subunits |
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