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Flashcards

Skill Acquisition

Lauren Cooper physical education physical education English 61 cards

Cards in this deck (61)

  1. 1SkillThe learned ability to bring about predetermined results with the minimum outlay of time, energy or both
  2. 2Open skillA skill performed in an unpredictable environment
  3. 3Closed skillA skill performed in a predictable environment
  4. 4Gross skillA skill that uses large muscle groups
  5. 5Fine skillA skill that uses smaller muscle groups
  6. 6Self-paced skillWhen the performer controls the start and the speed of the skill
  7. 7Externally-paced skillWhen the performer has no control over the start and the speed of the skill
  8. 8Discrete skillA skill that has a clear beginning and end
  9. 9Serial skillA skill that contains several discrete skills in order to make a more integrated movement
  10. 10Low organised skillA skill that is easily broken into parts
  11. 11High organised skillA skill that is not easily broken into parts
  12. 12Simple skillA skill that requires few decisions when being performed
  13. 13Complex skillA skill that requires decision making using lots of information when performed
  14. 14TransferThe effect of the learning and performance of one skill on the learning and performance on another
  15. 15Positive transferWhen the learning of one skill helps the learning of another
  16. 16Negative transferWhen the learning of one skill helps the learning of another
  17. 17Zero transferWhen the learning of one skill has no impact
  18. 18Bilateral transferWhen the learning of one skill is passed across the body from limb to limb
  19. 19Whole practicePracticing the skill in its entirety
  20. 20Whole-part-whole practiceAssessing the skill, identifying a weakness to practice, then putting the skill back togther
  21. 21Progressive part practicePracticing the first part of the skill then adding parts gradually. Sometimes called chaining
  22. 22ChainingLinking the routines, or parts of a task, together in order when practicing. The first two parts are learned, then the third part is added; that part is learned and added to the first two, and so on
  23. 23Massed practiceContinuous, no rest intervals between sessions
  24. 24Distributed practiceRest intervals between sessions
  25. 25Mental practiceGoing over the skill in the mind without movement
  26. 26Varied practiceChanging the practice type and the practice drills
  27. 27LearningA permanent change in behaviour as a result of practice
  28. 28PerformanceA temporary occurrence that can change from time to time because of many external and internal influences
  29. 29Cognitive stage of learningThe first stage of learning used by a novice. Understanding and sub-routines are explored by trial and error
  30. 30Associative stage of learningThe second stage of learning as motor programmes are developed and performance is smoother
  31. 31Automatous stage of learningThe final stage of learning used by an expert when movement is detailed and specific
  32. 32FeedbackInformation to aid error correction
  33. 33Positive feedbackEncouragement
  34. 34Negative feedbackError correction
  35. 35Extrinsic feedbackFrom an outside source
  36. 36Intrinsic feedbackFrom within
  37. 37Knowledge of resultsConcerns the outcome
  38. 38Knowledge of performanceAbout technique
  39. 39PlateauA period of no improvement in performance
  40. 40Drive reductionAn end-of-task period when performance may get worse
  41. 41Visual guidanceGuidance that can be seen, a demonstration
  42. 42Verbal guidanceAn explanation
  43. 43Manual guidancePhysical support
  44. 44Mechanical guidanceAn artificial aid
  45. 45Operant conditioningThe use of reinforcement to ensure that correct responses are repeated
  46. 46Behaviourist theoryThis attempts to explain how actions can be linked to stimuli
  47. 47SatisfierAn action that promotes a pleasant feeling so that responses are repeated
  48. 48AnnoyerAn action that creates unease to promote the avoidance of incorrect responses
  49. 49Position reinforcementA pleasant stimulus after the correct response
  50. 50Negative reinforcementTaking away an unpleasant stimuli after the correct response
  51. 51PunishmentAn unpleasant stimuli to prevent incorrect actions recurring
  52. 52AttentionMaking the demonstration attractive to the performer
  53. 53RetentionRemembering the demonstration and being able to recall it
  54. 54Motor productionHaving the mental and physical ability to do the task
  55. 55MotivationHaving the drive to do the task
  56. 56Social developmentLearning by association with others
  57. 57Inter-psychological learningLearning from other externally
  58. 58Intra-psychological learningLearning using others or an MKO to develop knowledge
  59. 59ConstructivismBuilding up learning in stages, based on the current level of performance
  60. 60Zone of proximal developmentthe next stage of learning based on the performer's needs, expectations and current level of performance
  61. 61Insight learningUsing experience and understand to solve problems relating to the whole skill

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physical education physical education (Skill acquisition ) Flashcards on Skill Acquisition , created by Lauren Cooper on 19/04/2017.
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Lauren Cooper
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