Flashcards
Foreign Policy under Henry VIII
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1Describe relations with France at the beginning of Henry VIII's reignHenry revived hostility. Lead an army into France in 1512 which achieved very little. Second expedition in 1513 under Wolsey
- 2What was the Battle of the Spurs?Henry's second expedition into France with Wolsey. Resulted in the capture of the fortress of Therouanne and the town of Tournai. Henry was given an annual payment for giving up his claims to the French throne.
- 3How many troops did the English army lose in the Battle of Flodden (September 1513)?1500 compared to the Scot's 10,000
- 4How did Wolsey try to frame England as in foreign policy?As a peacemaker in Europe. England lacked the resources to wage war amongst most other countries but Wolsey was careful not to ignore Henry's need for glory in war.
- 5Who did Leo X call for a crusade against in 1513?The spread of Ottoman power in Eastern Europe
- 6How did Wolsey see this as an opportunity?He called for all of the major powers in Europe to settle their differences and live under "universal peace"
- 7How many countries signed the Treaty of London (1518)?Over two dozen countries
- 8What did the Treaty of London state?It committed the countries to avoid war or risk being attacked by the rest of the signatories.
- 9When did the Treaty of London's terms begin to become increasingly threatened?When Charles V took the throne of the Holy Roman Empire in 1519. He inherited such a great amount of land that it threatened most of Europe- including France which was encircled. Francis I and Charles V were in direct opposition
- 10When was the Field of the Cloth of Gold?June 1520
- 11Why was it held?To try and secure an image of England being a neutral power broker by arranging meetings with both the Habsburgs and France
- 12Why was Spain the more attractive alliance?Henry was married to Catherine of Aragon and wanted to make substantial territorial gains in France.
- 13When did Henry declare war on France1522
- 14How much did the military intervention achieve?Very little at a high expense
- 15What did Henry hope when Francis I was captured after the Battle of Pavia in 1525 in Italy?He hoped it could be exploited; he called for Charles to help him end French independence but Charles was unwilling to pursue English interests that did not match his own so he refused.
- 16Why did Wolsey join anti-Habsburg alliance negotiations in 1526 (League of Cognac)?To try and play the peacemaker and to pressure Charles into being more reasonable.
- 17What was happening at the same time as Wolsey trying to find a route between France and Spain?Henry had decided to seek a divorce from Catherine of Aragon
- 18What did this force Wolsey to do?Take a more direct stand against Charles
- 19What happened in June 1529?Charles defeated the French at the Battle of Landriano
- 20Why was very little attention paid to foreign policy in the 1530s?Most of the European powers were preoccupied with the Ottoman Turks attacking the Holy Roman Empire and the Mediterranean.
Cromwell was focused on achieving control of the English church - 21How did Cromwell try to strengthen England's relations with other Protestant countries in Europe?He arranged a marriage between Anne of Cleves and Henry in January 1540
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- GCSE History (Tudors) Flashcards on Foreign Policy under Henry VIII, created by Izzy Noone on 04/06/2017.
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- Izzy Noone
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