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Biological Theories

Antonio Elumba Social Science English

Biological Theories

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Biological Theories

  1. Body Chemistry

    • biological theorists have made significant studies in linking violent or disruptive behavior to body chemistry. Body chemistry is influenced by factors such as eating habits, vitamin deficiencies, circadian rhythms, and environmental contaminants.
      • hypoglycemia,enviromental pollution,prenatal exposure to drugs, alcohol, lead, manganese
  2. Brain Dysfunction

    • The theory that certain brain conditions might adversely affect social skills and moral reasoning. Concerns with the prefrontal cortex, orbital cortex, and the amygdala would be the focal points here.
      • Contributing factors would be physical brain injuries, disease, or others.
  3. Genetics and Heritability

    • Involves the study of people's genetic makeup and how that may correlate to the predisposition of those individuals to commit crime
      • Variations in the X chromosome gene that produces monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and possibly the CDH-13 gene which is linked with ADHD, schizophrenia, autism, bipolar disorder, and substance abuse.
  4. Hormones, Enzymes, and Criminality

    • Endocrinology is the scientific study of the interaction between hormones and behavior.This interaction is bidirectional: hormones can influence behavior, and behavior can sometimes influence hormone concentrations. Hormones are chemical messengers released from endocrine glands that travel through the blood system to influence the nervous system to regulate behaviors such as aggression.
      • Testosterone, cortisol, and MAO-A would be prime examples
  5. Biosocial Criminology

    • a scientific endeavor that attempts to take all that is known about the biological underpinnings of human behavior and to use that knowledge to assess how human biology interacts with the surrounding physical, cultural, and social environments in producing a criminal event
      • The importance of the interaction between biology and the environment in the formation of behavioral responses to given situations must be highlighted. Biological factors don't exist in an environmental vaccum, and vice versa.

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concept map for CJ2000
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Antonio Elumba
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