Diuretics

Diuretics

1. Extra-renal

2. Renal

   • Natriuretics/ Saluretics
     • Loop diuretics
       • act on thick ascending
       • Sulfonamides
         • Frusemide
         • Torsemide, Bumetanide
       • Non-sulfonamides
         • Ethacrynic acid
     • Moderate efficacy diuretics
       • Thiazide
         • Acts on DCT
         • Inhibits NaCl reabsorption
           • Increase sodium and water excretion
             • hypovolemia, hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, alkalosis, hypocholeremia, hypomagnesemia, hyperuricemia
         • Antagonist-> probenecid
         • Contraindicated during renal insufficiency
         • Has diuretic effect, antidiuretic effect, antihypertensive effect, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia
       • Act on diluting segment
     • Low efficacy diuretics
       • CAI
         • ACI-tazolamide
       • K retaining
         • AldoSterONE Antagonist
           • SpironolactONE
         • Non-aldosterone antagonist
           • Amiloride
           • Triamterene
   • Osmotic diuretics
     • Mannitol
   • Acidifying diuretics
     • NH4Cl

3. Reduce hypertension

4. Reduce Renal blood flow and GFR