Arteries, Veins, Venules

Page 1

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

February 8, 2017

·

Blood,

blood vessels and the heart

·

Closed

system

·

Main

Functions:

o Deliver nutrients and O2 to the

cells

o Pick up CO2 and waste materials

BLOOD CIRCULATION

·

In

mammals - double circulation

o Pulmonary circulation

- carries deoxygenated blood from heart to

lungs

- Pulmonary Artery:

o Deoxygenanted blood from heart to lungs

- Pulmonary Vein:

o Oxygenated blood is returned to the heart

Systemic circulation

·

circulation

of blood around the body

- oxygenated blood leaves the left side of the

heart and is distributed by arteries to all parts of the body except lungs

- veins carry the blood from all parts of the

body back to the right side of the heart

*right =

deoxygenated blood

Tissues/ cells

Capilliaries > venules > veins

Superior Interior

vena cava vena

cava

* both carrying

deoxygenated blood

* leads into the

right atrium/ right auricle

into right ventricle

Right ventricle

|

(pulmonary

|

artery)

Lungs

(oxygenated)

Pericardium - protective membrane of the heart

4 chambers

·

2

thin-walled chambers

o

2 thin-walled

(receives blood) chambers: Auricles or Atria/ Atrium

- Right Atrium: deoxygenated blood from SVC and

IVC

- Left Atrium: oxygenated blood from the

Pulmonary Vein (lungs)

·

2 thick-walled

(pumps blood) chambers

o

Ventricles

- Right ventricle: pumps deoxygenated blood from

Right Atrium to Pulmonary Artery

- Left ventricle: pumps oxygenated blood from

Left atrium to AORTA

Septum: divides the heart into left and right sides

*walls of arteries

are thicker than walls of veins because it receives blood with high pressure

AORTA > coronary artery

> renal artery

> portal artery

-

nourishes organs of digestion

> other arteries

Page 2

Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries The blood from the heart is carried through the body by a complex network of blood vessels . Arteries take blood away from the heart. The main artery is the aorta that branches into other major arteries, which take blood to different limbs and organs. These major arteries include the carotid artery, which takes blood to the brain; the brachial arteries, which take blood to the arms; and the thoracic artery, which takes blood to the thorax and then into the hepatic, renal, and gastric arteries for the liver, kidneys, and stomach, respectively. The iliac artery takes blood to the lower limbs. The major arteries diverge into minor arteries, and then into smaller vessels called arterioles, to reach more deeply into the muscles and organs of the body.

Source: Boundless. “Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries.” Boundless Biology Boundless, 26 May. 2016. Retrieved 15 Feb. 2017 from https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/the-circulatory-system-40/mam...

Source: Boundless. “Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries.” Boundless Biology Boundless, 26 May. 2016. Retrieved 15 Feb. 2017 from https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/the-circulatory-system-40/mam...