Flashcards
A Level: English language and literature techniques = Structure
Cards in this deck (37)
- 1Structural use of time - Chronology> A record of events the order they occurred in.
- 2Structural use of time - Foreshadowing> A warning/indication of a future event.
- 3Structural use of time - Narrative> A description of events - the act, process or skill of telling a story.
- 4Structural use of time - Dialogue> A conversation between two or more people.
- 5Structural use of time - Juxtaposition> The use of putting characters, ideas, themes, phrases, words or settings side by side to either compare, contrast, use for suspense or as a rhetorical effect.
- 6Structural features - Pathetic fallacy> Using human emotions for inanimate objects or weather.
- 7Structural features - Retrospective narrative> The story being told is not happening at the same time the narrator is telling it.
- 8Structural features - Symbolism> Something that is used to represent something else.
> An object to represent a concept. - 9Structural features - Oxymoron> A combination of two or more words that are contradictory.
E.g. the deafening silence. - 10Structural features - Parallelism> Words or phrases which express a similar idea or an equal importance.
- 11Structural features - Hyperbole> Exaggerated statements.
> A figure of speech not to be taken literally. - 12Structural features - Antithesis> A strong contrast between a character, idea, themes or purpose.
- 13Structural features - Irony> The use of words, characters or plot developments to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its actual/literal meaning.
- 14Structural features - Rhetorical features> Repeated syntax
> Phonological patterning
> Direct address
> Repetition
> Tripling
> Antithesis
> Semantic fields
> Figurative language - 15Rhetorical features - Figurative language = Personification> Where animals or objects are given human characteristics.
- 16Rhetorical features - Figurative language = Alliteration> Repeating the same first letter, sound or group of sounds in a sentence.
- 17Rhetorical features - Figurative language = Metaphor> A figure of speech that says that one thing is another different thing.
- 18Rhetorical features - Figurative language = Onomatopoeia> Describes/imitates a natural sound or the sound made by an object/action.
E.g. snap, boom, smack. - 19Rhetorical features - Figurative language = Syntax> Word order.
- 20Rhetorical features - Figurative language = Simile> The use of the words 'as' or 'like' to suggest two things are alike.
E.g. busy as a bee. - 21Rhetorical features - Figurative language = Idioms> Expressions/phrases that have a figurative meaning which is understood differently between different societies.
E.g. spill the beans. - 22Rhetorical features - Figurative language = Cliches> A commonly used expression that is widely known.
- 23Sentence structures - Simple sentences> Has only one clause.
E.g. The children were laughing. - 24Sentence structures - Compound sentences> Has two or more clauses.
E.g. The children were laughing but they had to come inside and go to bed.
> Clauses are joined by conjunctions - and, but, or, nor, so, then, yet. - 25Sentence structures - Complex sentences> Has a main clause and one or more adverbial clauses.
> Adverbial clauses normally come after the main clause.
E.g. The children were laughing but they had to come inside and go to bed as it was past their bedtime. - 26Sentence structures - Complex sentences = Contrast clausesAlthough; though; even though; while.
- 27Sentence structures - Complex sentences = Reason clausesBecause; since; as.
- 28Sentence structures - Complex sentences = Place clausesWhere; wherever; everywhere.
- 29Sentence structures - Complex sentences = Purpose clausesSo that; so; because + wanting something
- 30Sentence structures - Complex sentences = Result clausesSo that; such that.
- 31Sentence structures - Complex sentences = Time clausesWhen; before; after; since; while as; as soon as; by the time; until.
- 32Sentence structures - Complex sentences = Conditional clausesIf; unless; provided that; as long as.
- 33Sentence functions - Declarative> Makes a statement.
- 34Sentence functions - Interrogative> Asks a question.
> Usually yes/no questions or 'wh' questions - these start with a interrogative pronoun. - 35Sentence functions - Imperative> Gives a command.
> The first word is always a verb (unless please) - 36Sentence functions - Exclamatory> Expresses strong emotion.
- 37Tenses>Past/present/future
>Active/passive tense
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- Description
- This is the structure section of the FSL framework.
- Created by
- Jessica 'JessieB · Apr 2014
- Updated
- Jan 13, 2017
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