Flashcards
Cognition 4
Flashcards do conjunto (15)
- 1Synonyms for short term memory (6 items)Working memory
Immediate memory
Elementary memory
Short-term store
Temporary memory
Primary memory - 2Aspects of short term memory (3 items)Immediate and conscious processing
Active mental effort: Vi fokuserar på en uppgift
Comprehension: I kommunikation med övriga personer (t.ex. namnet) behöver vi förstå för att minnas - 3Short term versus working memory (7 items)Short term memory:
Older term
Shorter retention
Limited capacity (Vi kan inte lägga så mycket i korttidsminnet, men mer i arbetsminnet. Det finns också mer grejer vi kan göra i arbetsminnet)
A simple system
Working memory:
Newer term emphasizing processing and storage - a mental workbench
Action & mental activity
Complex systems - 47+-2 (1 item)Miller's magical number
- 5Overcoming the bottleneck and limitation of short term memory (3 items)Chunking: By grouping things together we remember them better
Recoding: A technical term for grouping things together
Mnemonic devices: Any kind of remembering strategy (rehearsal, verbal coding, visual coding) - 6Main argument between Brown-Peterson and Waugh-Norman models of short term memory? (2 items)Brown-Peterson: Forgetting because of decay (the passage of time). It is tough to simulate a blank period of time without accidentaly interfering though.
Waugh-Norman: Forgetting because of interference. Information is lost when items distract the subject from keeping information in short term memory. - 7Types of interference (2 items)Proactive interference: Previously learned material interferes with new learning
Retroactive interference: Recent material interferes with older learning - 8Serial positioning effects (2 items)Primacy effect: Better memory for the first items in the list because they spent more time in working memory and got into long term storage
Recency effect: Better memory for the last items in the list because there are fewer stimuli interfering - 9What is the main idea (1 item) and findings (2 items) of Sternberg’s task in short-term memory?Testing working memory by showing a list of items, waiting for some time and then asking the subjects whether certain words were in the list.
Findings: The bigger the list, the longer the response time. This is known as serial self-terminating search, as opposed to serial exhaustive search, showing that reaction time is lowered when item is positive (was present in the list) than when it’s negative - 10Working memory: Subsystems (3 items)Executive control system
Articulatory rehearsal loop
Visuospatial sketchpad - 11Activities of executive control system (4 items) and 1 example of when it's usedPlanning & initiating control and decision processes
Reasoning, language comprehension
Transfer information to long-term memory via rehearsing, recoding
Recency effects
Example: Multiply/divide - 12Activities of articulatory rehearsal loop (2 items) and 1 example of when it's usedRecycling items for immediate recall (repeating verbally)
Articulatory processes
Example: Hold the intermediate values verbally - 13Activities of visuospatial sketchpad (2 items) and example of when it's usedVisual imagery tasks (picturing things)
Spatial, visual search tasks
Example: Hold the visual information spatially - 14Effect of visuospatial sketchpad & articulatory rehearsal loop on executive control system (1 item)Executive's resources are drained if task is too difficult
- 15Method to study working memory (1 item)Dual task method
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- Psychology FlashCards sobre Cognition 4, criado por Adam T em 22-10-2018.
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- Adam T
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