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Flashcards

Stress

Verity Spinks Psychology Inglês 57 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (57)

  1. 1What is Acute stressWhen Something happens suddenly which requires a quick reaction. Short term stress, fight or flight
  2. 2What does the Sympathetic Nervous system prepare for?Fight or Flight
  3. 3The Parasympathetic branch returns the body to what?a state of relaxation
  4. 4What does the release of Noradrenaline cause?Increased Heart rate, Blood pressure and pupil Size. Metabolic changes: sends fat and glycogen to the bloodstream
  5. 5What does Adrenaline do?boosts the supply of oxygen to the brain and muscles. Supresses the non urgent bodily functions.
  6. 6What does the SNS and SAM make?Sympathomeduallary pathway
  7. 7SAM is regulated by the adrenal medulla and does what?releases adrenaline into the body!
  8. 8What is a key part of the SNS?Sympathetic Adrenal Meduallary System
  9. 9What is the Pituitary Adrenal System (PAS) also known as?Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis (HPA Axis)
  10. 10What is chronic stress?when there are Ongoing Chronic stressors. Long term
  11. 11HPA axis controls what?Cortisol levels
  12. 12What causes the Corticotrophin Releasing Factor to be released? And what is it part of?Paraventricular Nucleus (PVN) and Hypothalamus
  13. 13What activates the Hypothalamus?Chronic Stressors
  14. 14When the CRF reaches the pituitary gland what is released?(ACTH) Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone
  15. 15The Adrenal Cortex is part of the adrenal gland so what does it release when the ACTH has arrived?CORTISOL!
  16. 16Some examples of positive and negative effects of cortisolP: Lower pain sensitivity, quick bursts of energy.
    N: Higher blood pressure and lowered immune response
  17. 17How long is it till the cortisol takes effect?20 minutes
  18. 18What regulates the release of CRF and ACTH?The receptors on the pituitary gland and Hypothalamus
  19. 19What is the Immune System?functions by defending the body against antigens
  20. 20Name the steps of the immune system1.Barrier preventing antigens entering
    2. Detecting and eliminating Antigens found (before reproduction)
    3.Eliminating Antigens (once reproducing)
  21. 21What is Under and Over Vigilance?Under: when infections are dealt with properly in the body
    Over: Mistakes ordinary cells for virus cells and kills them, causing illness.
  22. 22Name research to do with relationships and illnessKiecolt (2005): wounds healed more slowly when married couples had conflict instead of support in a discussion.
  23. 23Name research to do with Acute stress and illnessMarucha (1998): did punch biopsies a month and 3 days before an exam. 40% longer to hell 3 days before the exam
  24. 24Evaluation points for Lazarus in Stress and IllnessTime consuming and expensive to do long periods of testing.
    Cannot tell if other factors beside stress affect the illness
  25. 25What is a daily Hassle?Minor day to day stressors that may frustrate or annoy a person
  26. 26What do Uplifts do?Compliments and praise are uplifts that minorly offset daily hassles
  27. 27What is the difference between accumulation and Amplification effect?Accumulation is where there are persistent and continuous daily hassles, Amplification is where is a combination between daily hassles and a major life event
  28. 28Research to do with daily HasslesGervais: asked nurses to keep diaries for a month and record their daily Hassles. He found that the hassles added to job strain and decreased performance, but Uplifts did the opposite
  29. 29Name a piece of research to do with emtional support and daily hasslesFlett: 320 students (half female half male) and were asked to rate how much support they would give to someone once they had been read the scenario. Comparatively those with major life events got more support and there for would feel less stressed than those with only daily hassles
  30. 30Name one evaluative point about daily hasslesRetrospective Recall: had the daily hassle for a long time and people forget over time and forget events occured because of the hassles.
  31. 31What is a life change?major changes in an aspect of a person's life
  32. 32who created the SRRS?Holmes and Rahe
  33. 33What was marriage in the SRRS?50 life change units (the base line)
  34. 34Who did Rahe test the SRRS on? and How many were there?US Navy men and 2700
  35. 35What did Michael and Ben-Zur do to research the SRRS?They studied 130 men and worm (half widowed and half seperated couples) and looks at levels of life satisfaction.
    Widowed: Happier before partners death not after
    Seperated: happier because they are dating a new partner.
  36. 36Name two other issue with life changesValidity: Health can effect their retrospective recall.
    Individual Differences: Can compare and instant death of spouse to a death caused by long term illness
  37. 373 C's in Hardy personality?Control, Commitment, Challenges
  38. 38Friedman and Rosenman suggested what 3 things about Type A personality?Impatience
    Competitiveness
    Hostility
  39. 393 characteristics of Type B personalityRelaxed, Patient and Easy going
  40. 40What did Ragland and Brand Research?Personality types in Illness, and they found that there wasn't a link between Type A personality and morality like Friedmand and Rosen suggested
  41. 41Research supporting and against personality and stress?S:lifton looked at the 3C's of hardiness in Universities. Found that students that scored higher on the 3C's were morely to complete their degree.
    A:Hardiness could be just Negativity Affectivity, Waston and Clark found that Hardiness and low NA correlate reasonably well.
  42. 42What is thought to cause Workplace Stress?High workload, Low job control
  43. 43What did Control have to do with Workplace stress?Marmot found that those with control over their work had higher grade as well as low cardiovascular problems
  44. 44who looked at Workload factors? What did they find?Johansson (1978) found that when sawing in a company, it was repetitive which required constant attention as well as having the pressure of the company on top of them. Urine samples showed that he had high levels of stress induced adrenaline.
  45. 45What are the 3 steps in Stress Inoculation Therapy (by Michenbaum)Conceptualisation: Identifying the source of the stress.
    Skill Acquisition: being teach and practicing methods of relaxation and positive thinking
    Application: Putting those taught skills in a real life situation
  46. 46what is CBT?Cognitive: challenging negative thoughts
    Behaviour: rewarding desirable behaviour.
  47. 47Good points about SIT?-Challenges stressors than dealing with them
    -More effective then systematic Desensitization.
  48. 48what are the 3 stages of Hardiness Training?Focusing: recognising signs of stress.
    Reliving stress encounters: Coping strategies
    Self Improvement: Control the situation then giving into the stress.
  49. 49One point supporting Hardiness Training?Provides clients with the ability to cope with future situations where the stress may occur
  50. 50What is a neuron?Send messages round the body
  51. 51What if the role of BZ's?To slow down the central nervous system
  52. 52how does BZ's Work?Locking onto the receptors on the outside, increasing the flow of chloride ions.
  53. 53Bz's enhance natural actions of GABA how?it binds to special sites on the GABA and allows more Chloride ion to flow into the neuron.
  54. 54Good and bad points for BZ's?G: They are effective. Kahn followed 250 patients and found BZ's were significantly superior to a placebo
  55. 55What do Beta-Blockers do?Reduce the activity of the Adrenaline and Noradrenaline
  56. 56What does BB's do to the patient?Puts less pressure on the patient and makes them feel calmer and less anxious
  57. 57One bad point about BB's?Have side affects. Has been found to be linked to diabetes

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Psychology FlashCards sobre Stress, criado por Verity Spinks em 10-04-2013.
Criado por
Verity Spinks
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