Flashcards
New Weapons
Flashcards do conjunto (8)
- 1GAS:> 1st Chlorine gas used by Germans in 2nd Battle of Ypres (April 1915).
> Battle of Loos (1915)= British tried it= wind= blew some of it back.
> CHLORINE= HIGHLY VISIBLE.
> 12/1915= Germans tried phosgene= INVISIBLE + DEADLY BUT SLOW.
> Soon after= Germans intoduced mustard gas= horrible blisters + internal bleeding.
> After 1915= death by gas= rare BUT both sides continued using it= injured soldiers.
> Gas killed 8000 British soldiers + 200,000 injured. - 2HOW WAS EACH SIDE PROTECTED AGAINST GAS ATTACKS?> Initially= simple methods used= covering face with urine-drenched cloth= against effects of chlorine.
> 1915= British= gas masks= not very effective when Germans used mustard gas= attacked skin.
> By 1918= both sides used filter respirators= highly effective. - 3CREEPING BARRAGE:> 1st used by British at Battle of the Somme.
> C.B: Advancing curtain of artillery fire leading to advanced infantry.
> Difficult + dangerous tactic= depended on precise timing.
> When barrage outpaced infantry= gap between them allowed Germans to re-emerge from shelter + take positions.
> When infantry moved too fast= ran into own shellfire. - 4WAS THE CREEPING BARRAGE SUCCESSFUL?> Partially= mainly against clearly defined targets.
> BUT= wasn't breakthrough tactics that generals hoped for. - 5TANKS:> Tracks on tanks allowed it go over very rough ground + plough through barbed wire without problems.
> Heavily armored body= ordinary gunfire couldn't stop them.
> Tanks should have allowed British army to break deadlock on trenches BUT took time to develop effective tactics + early tanks often broke down. - 6PROBLEMS FACED BY TANKS:> Extremely hot inside.
> Difficult to operate.
> Got stuck in mud.
> Mechanically unreliable. - 7TANKS USED IN BATTLE OF THE SOMME (JULY 1916)> Haig sent 49 tanks instead of waiting for more= wanted to surprise Germans.
> 17 broke down on the way to front line + 9 failed to work when attacks began.
> Nearly 500 tanks advanced about 6km into German territory BUT couldn't hold onto their gains.
> Did frighten many German soldiers. - 8AIRCRAFTS:> On Western Front= both sides used planes + balloons= find enemy weak points to attack.
> 1915= new planes carried synchronized guns= wouldn't shoot propeller. Allowed 1 man to fly + handle gun.
> Fighter planes escorted bombers on raids + attacked enemy borders.
> 1st serious raid on Britain (May 1917)= 72 killed at Folkestone.
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- GCSE History (British Society) FlashCards sobre New Weapons, criado por Tasnim Quddus em 03-05-2016.
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- Tasnim Quddus
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