Flashcards
Evolution - Sociality
Flashcards do conjunto (13)
- 1Trivers (1971)Reciprocal Altruism
- 2Axelrod and Hamilton (1981)Prisoner's Dilemma
- 3Gouldner (1960)Altruism exists in all known human cultures
- 4De Ruiter, Weston and Lyon (2011)Dunbar's Number
- 5Fehr and Fischbacher (2004)Negative Reciprocity
60% of 3rd parties punished non-cooperation (unfairness in DG)
Punishment was expected for non-cooperation - 6Flack et al. (2006)Negative Reciprocity
Macaques use policing to ensure continued sociality in groups and prevent intra-group conflict - 7Castelli et al. (2014)Ultimatum Game
8-10 year olds were more likely to make fair offers when their opponent knew it was them who chose to offer that
8:2 offers were always rejected - 8Sandoval et al. (2016)Ultimatum Game
Humans were likely to make more fair offers when playing against other humans rather than robots
= assumption that other humans will reciprocate this altruism - 9Jensen, Call and Tomasello (2007)Ultimatum Game
Chimpanzees act selfishly and always choose the option that has the biggest gains for themselves
Chimpanzees accept any offer that gives them any kind of reward - 10Proctor et al. (2013)Ultimatum Game
Contradicted Jensen et al. (2007) - found that chimps acted similarly to humans
n=6, chimps all related - 11Jones (2008)Prisoner's Dilemma
43% cooperation from a meta-analysis - 12Hrushka and Henrich (2006)Prisoner's Dilemma
Participants, when given the choice, chose to work with people who had previously cooperated - 13Von Neuman and Morgenstern (1944)Game theory is used to depict decision making when dealing with other people and with costs and benefits
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- 3rd year Psychology (Third Year) FlashCards sobre Evolution - Sociality, criado por Autumn Curtis em 28-12-2016.
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- Autumn Curtis
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