Flashcards
Stats Chapter 1 and 2
Flashcards do conjunto (25)
- 1DataMeasurements collected in a research study (numerical and for language)
Example: grades on a spreadsheet, "word cloud", test scores, counts, survey results. - 2VariablesCharacteristics or conditions of interest. Means changing, separate into groups. (can change or have different values)
Examples: GPA, Major, gender - 3Populationentire group of people/individuals. a large dataset of all possible members.
Examples: all of kutztown - 4Samplesmaller subgroup representative from population. our group of students in stats, small select group of members from all colleges, gender, majors, and years.
- 5Descriptive Statisticsmethods to organize and summarize data (describe)
Examples: tables, graphs organize values such as the average score summarize - 6Parametera descriptive value for a population
- 7Statistica descriptive value for a sample
- 8Inferential Statisticsmethods to interpret and conclude (inferences). use sample data to draw conclusions about population.
- 9Sampling Errordiscrepancy between a sample statistic and its population parameter, defining and measuring sampling error is a large part of inferential stats.
- 10Correlational Studiesobserve 2 variables or existing groups
Main goals: decide if there is active relationship between the two. describe that relationship. - 11Experimental studiescompare measured variables for differences, manipulation.
Main goals: demonstrate cause and effect, which you CANT do in a correlational study. show that changing value of 1 variable causes changes in the 2nd variable. - 12independent variableresearcher controlled. the manipulated variable.
- 13dependent variablethe data. the observed variable.
- 14Nominal Scalemost simple measurement scale. unordered set of categories identified only by name.
Examples: political parties, yes/no surveys, gender. - 15Ordinal Scaleordered set of categories tell you the direction of difference. Allows for both language and numerical data.
Examples: class rankings, letter grades, top 5 favorites, t-shirt sizes. - 16Interval scaleordered series of equal-sized differences (intervals) with an arbitrary zero. *number data only*
Examples: temperature, 12-hour clock, age - 17Ratio Scaleinterval scale where a value of zero indicates NONE of that variable and values represent true comparison (ex: twice as long) *number data only*
Examples: length, speed, duration - 18Frequency Distributionsmethod for simplifying and organizing data. table or graph listing entire set of scores. Shows how many scores in each category. shows where each score is relative to others. good for comparisons.
- 19Tablestables have at least two columns: X column (always comes first) and Frequency column "f"
- 20N# of scores in population data set
- 21n# of scores in sample data set
- 22regular frequency tableslist all possible categories (each X value)
- 23grouped frequency distribution tableslist sets of scores (range of X values)
- 24Histograms
- 25Polygrams
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- Psychology FlashCards sobre Stats Chapter 1 and 2, criado por Brianna Cataldi em 31-01-2017.
- Criado por
- Brianna Cataldi
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