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Ki Rai PSYCHOLOGY YEAR 2 Inglês 45 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (45)

  1. 1what 3 things do you need to know about a relationshipsignificance
    strength
    direction
  2. 2what 3 directions can a relationship bepositive
    negative
    zero (non-linear)
  3. 3define bivariatetwo variables involved
  4. 4what are the two correlation coefficientspearsons r
    spearmans rho
  5. 5is pearsons r correlation coefficient parametric or non paraparametric
  6. 6is spearmans rho correlation coefficient parametric or non paranon parametric
  7. 7what is the formula for pearsons r?r
  8. 8what is the formula for spearmans rho?r(s)
    small s
  9. 9what would r be for no relationship0
  10. 10what would r be for max positive relationship+1.0
  11. 11what would r be for max negative relationship-1.0
  12. 12what is more important in the strength of a correlation, size or sign?SIZE
  13. 13correlation is notcausation
  14. 146 difficulties with correlationsmall samples
    non normal distributions
    outliers
    range effects
    heterogenous samples
    non linear relationships
  15. 15what is the formula for variancer (squared)
  16. 16the higher the correlation, the higher thepredictability
  17. 17what increases with predictabilitycorrelation
  18. 18what is the scientific name for overlapping informationpartial correlation
  19. 19is the partial correlation coefficient smaller or larger than the corresponding straight correlation coefficientsmaller
  20. 20what are the four reasons people ask questions1. to test people (exams, IQ tests, personality tests, clinical tests)
    2. to test new theories (about groups/concepts)
    3. to understand behaviour (attitudes / habits / beliefs)
    4. to test change (social change / interventions / changes w age)
  21. 21what are the two principles of questionnaire design1. addressing concept being measured
    2. in the absence of other change lead to the same outcomes
  22. 22what is validity in terms of questionnaire designaddressing concept being measured
  23. 23what is reliability in terms of questionnaire designin the absence of other change lead to the same outcomes
  24. 24questionnaires must be designed to be ...analysed
  25. 25what two things do you need to consider when defining concepts?1. considering multiple definitions (e.g. expert vs lay/dictionary)
    2. are the concepts simple or complex (e.g. multidimensional like personality)
  26. 26what 5 examples could we measure via a questionnaire?attributes
    psychometric factors
    attitudes
    beliefs
    behaviours
  27. 27what are closed questionswhere the respondent is forced to choose an answer
  28. 28what are the good thing about closed questionseasy to fill in
    easy to code/analyse
    easy to get an interval result
    good for self report
  29. 29what are the bad thing about closed questionscan miss answers
    can introduce bias
    can create opinions
  30. 30what are open questionsrespondents can answer as they please
  31. 31what are the good thing about open questionsgets all the info
    doesnt lead the respondent
    more natural
    best done in interview
  32. 32what are the bad thing about open questionsdifficult to fill in
    very difficult to code / analyse
    difficult to get an interval result
  33. 33three types of closed question?likert scales (agree/disagree with statement)
    self efficacy scales (can relate on scale of 1-10)
    semantic differentials (1-5 with trait at each end, pick one closest)
  34. 34what are 13 rules of wording questions?simple language, short questions, no double barrels, no leading qs, no negatives and double negs, likely to know the answer, clear meanings, no prestige bias, no ambiguity, clear frame of reference, no qs that create opinions, no offence, likely to respond
  35. 35how should you make the questions if you are generating scales for psychological conceptsask enough qs to cover concept being measured without asking too many
  36. 36what will the form of your investigation be if you need more questions?complex / multidimensional concepts
    look at attitudes of beliefs
    psychometric factors
  37. 37what will the form of your investigation be if you need fewer questions?only interested in few dimensions
    well defined concepts
    attributes and behaviours
  38. 38what is acquiescent biaswhen people will agree with everything you say
  39. 39what is desirability biaspeople will ask according to what they think is desirable
  40. 40what are 4 solutions to bias in response setsinvert some questions and code them back to front, include contradictory statements and see if respondents agree w both, include dummy or masker questions, try alternative wording at pilot stage
  41. 41is the item is positive towards a topic, what number is strongly agree and disgaree?strong agree - 5
    strong diagree - 1
  42. 42is the item is negative towards a topic, what number is strongly agree and disgaree?strong agree - 1
    strong diagree - 5
  43. 43is it better to use an already formulated questionnaire or re-invent your own?already made
  44. 44what are 6 examples of attitudes that can be investigated?socially (un)desirable, response bias, beliefs and opinions, attitude objects may have many different aspects, cultural differences, feelings and action tendencies
  45. 45how do you quantify attitudes?convert opinions/beliefs/feelings/action tendencies into numbers by asking participants to indicate agreement with a series of statements, assumes that everyone will feel the same way about each statement

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PSYCHOLOGY YEAR 2 (2 rmd) FlashCards sobre one, criado por Ki Rai em 15-01-2019.
Criado por
Ki Rai
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