Flashcards
Chapter 12
Flashcards do conjunto (42)
- 1How does the textbook define learning?The process of acquiring new information
- 2how does the book define memory?The persistence of learning in a state that can be revealed at a later time
- 3reflexesinevitable and involuntary responses to a stimuli
- 4Fixed action patternsIn short term it is instinct
- 5learned behaviorrelatively permanent changes in behavior caused by personal experience
- 6non-associative learningchanges in the magnitude of our responses to stimuli, which includes habituation and sensitization
- 7Associative learningwhen an organism forms a significant connection between two features of its environment, which includes classical and operant conditioning
- 8habituationa type of learning where a response to a stimulus becomes weaker
- 9sensitizationa type of learning where a response to a stimulus becomes stronger
- 10Classical conditioningorganisms learn that one stimuli acts as another
- 11unconditioned stimulusRequires no learning automatic knowledge
- 12unconditioned responseno need to learn about it to cause a response, salivation to food
- 13neutral stimulussomething with no reaction at first
- 14conditioned stimuluswhat was once a neutral stimulus is now conditioned
- 15conditioned responseresponse to something learned
- 16generalizationgeneralizing something after being conditioned to a certain response. Ex. Little Albert
- 17operant conditioningto a learned association between one's own behavior and external stimuli
- 18reinforcementthe response caused by a voluntary behavior is pleasurable, positive
- 19punishmentthe response caused by a voluntary behavior is aversive, negative
- 20information processing modelsof memory explain how information flows through these stages.
- 21declarative (explicit)memories are easy to declare and describe
episodic and semantic memory - 22episodic memorythe memory of events that you've personally experienced
- 23semantic memorythe memory of facts, knowledge, and concepts
- 24non-declarative memory (implicit)memories are more abstract like emotions, feelings, and procedural
procedural and emotional memory - 25procedural memoryskills
- 26emotional memorygeneral feelings or attitudes towards facts, objects, or events.
- 27What two ventrals make up the hippocampus?the parahippocampal cortex and the rhinal cortex
- 28What two subregions consist of the rhinal cortexthe entorhinal cortex and perrhinal cortex
- 29the hippocampus has two folded structures called the?Ammon's horn and Dentate Gyrus
- 30The Ammons Horn is made up of what FOUR subregionsCA 1, CA2, CA3, CA 4
- 31Signals enter the hippocampus via the _____.perforant pathway
- 32Long-term potentiation (LTP)Is the strengthening of a synapse between two neurons
- 33*_____ lasts indefinitely, takes only a few seconds to occur, and strengthens over timeLTP
- 34*According to researcher Donald Hebb: For LTP to occur, two neurons must show _____ and _______?associativity and cooperativity
- 35generationoccurs when calcium enters the postsynaptic neuron
- 36stabilizationthe increasing of calcium levels trigger the generation of actin filaments
- 37*In studies of LTP in hippocampal tissue, a rapid series of shocks increases postsynaptic potentials for hours. True or False?True
- 38engrama physical trace of memory in the brain, researched since the 1920's
- 39the interpositus nucleuspart of the cerebellum appears to e essential for classical conditioning
- 40Climbing fiberscome from the medulla, which carry information about unconditioned stimulus
- 41Anterograde amnesiathe inability to create new memories
- 42retrograde amnesiathe inability to recall past memories
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- college Brain and Behavior Class FlashCards sobre Chapter 12, criado por Litzi Morales em 14-12-2022.
- Criado por
- Litzi Morales
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