Flashcards
Memory
Flashcards do conjunto (50)
- 1Implicit memoryPrevious experiences aid in performance of a task without conscious awareness of these previous experiences
- 2Explicit memoryThe conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information
- 3Episodic memoryThe collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular time and place that are specific to an individual
- 4Semantic memoryMemory of concept-based knowledge, conscious recollection of factual information and general knowledge about the world
- 5Change in a visual stimulus goes unnoticed by the observerChange blindness
- 6Encoding allows...The perceived item of interest to be converted into storage in the brain for later recollection from STM or LTM
- 7Name the 3 stages of memoryEncoding, storage and retrieval
- 8Names the 3 types of recallFree recall, serial recall and cued recall
- 9If info is rehearsed sufficiently in the____, it is transferred to____.1. STM
2. LTM - 10Name 2 ways in which info can be lost through working memoryDecay and displacement
- 11Rehearsal is a technique involved in which memory stage?Encoding
- 12Serial position effectRecall accuracy varies depending on the item's position within a study list
- 13True or false: Delay and interference have a positive effect on recencyFalse, they have a positive effect on recency
- 14Primacy is better when the presentation of words is____.Slow
- 15Why would accent affect how successfully words can be remembered?We often remember through repeating words in our heads. Some words take longer to say depending on how they're accented. If it takes longer to pronounce them, less words will be remembered
- 16True or false: Words which are quicker to say are remembered in higher numbersTrue
- 17The phonological loopThe part of working memory that deals with spoken and written material. It can be used to remember a phone number
- 18Phonological Store (inner ear) and part of the phonological loopLinked to speech perception Holds information in speech-based form (i.e. spoken words) for 1-2 seconds.
- 19Articulatory control process (inner voice) and part of the phonological loopLinked to speech production. Used to rehearse and store verbal information from the phonological store.
- 20Visuospatial sketchpadSpatial ability in active working memory which uses imagery as an aid in remembering info
- 21The episodic bufferActs as a 'backup' store which communicates with both LTM and the components of working memory
- 22The 3 areas of working meomoryEpisodic buffer, visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop
- 23Fluid systemsAllow the ability to apply what you know
- 24Is in control of the functions in working memoryCentral executive
- 25ChunkingTaking individual units of information (chunks) and grouping them into larger units. Most common example occurring in numbers
- 26What is the difficulty in measuring depth of processing?It is vague and can't be observed so can't be objectively measured or compared
- 27Name the 4 main methods to encodingDepth of processing, mnemonics, visual imagery, rhymes and rythmes
- 28Elaborative rehearsalThe more interesting/out of the ordinary the story you think up to help you remember, the easier it'll be remembered
- 29Increasing connection strength between____improves memory.Cells
- 30How do we store info?By category, NOT alphabetically
- 31The section of the brain in control of smell is very close to the____which is in control of memoryHippocampus
- 32True or false: We are quicker to describe defining characteristics of something as apposed to general factsTrue
- 33What memory process may be damaged after having a stroke?Storage, specifically the ability to describe concrete things
- 34How does a change in environment effect recall?Your cue to recall will be poorer
- 35What is the most effective method of retrieval?Elaborative rehearsal
- 36PrimingPriming is an implicit memory effect in which exposure to a stimulus influences a response to a later stimulus
- 37Semantic primingWhen the prime and the target are from the same semantic category and share features
- 38True or false: It would take less time to say if an ambiguous word was a real word than an unambiguous oneFalse, it would take longer as the word has two meanings making you doubt yourself thus think about it more
- 39Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve (1885)One of first studies of memory
- 40Success of recall of list A words being affected by list B wordsRetroactive
- 41Success of recall of list B words being affected by list A wordsProactive
- 42At what age is our reminiscence bump at it's peak?During teen years
- 43Flashbulb memoryhighly detailed 'snapshot' of the moment and circumstances a piece of surprising and consequential (or emotionally arousing) news was heard
- 44Top-down processingTheory that memory is organized and shaped by our previous experience, expectations, as well as meaningful context
- 45Why is the phrasing of the question vitally important when questioning witnesses?It changes their interpretations and memory of the event which can lead to them answering inaccurately
- 46True or false: People are worse at recognising faces when violence is involvedTrue, their sole focus is on the weapon
- 47A brain disorder usually associated with heavy alcohol consumption over a long period which may result in retrograde amnesiaKorsakoff syndrome
- 48Anterograde amnesiaLoss of memory since the occurance of the event
- 49Retrograde amnesiaLoss of memory-access to events that occurred, or information that was learned, before the event
- 50True or flase: A removal of the hippocampus will result in the patient having conscious memory but the inability to learnFalse, the patient will have no conscious memory but the ability to learn
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- Undergraduate Psychology (Memory ) FlashCards sobre Memory , criado por Grace Feakes em 02-12-2013.
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- Grace Feakes
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