Flashcards
3. Animal Studies
Flashcards do conjunto (14)
- 1What was the aim of Lorenz's study?To investigate and understand mother-infant attachment in humans.
- 2Define imprinting.long-lasting behavioural response to a specific individual or object, as attachment to parent, offspring, or site.
- 3What was the procedure of this study?Randomly divided batch of goose eggs into to groups, one half was hatched with its mother in its natural environment, the other hatched in an incubator where the first moving object they saw was Lorenz.
- 4What were the findings of the study?The control group (natural) followed the mother, the experimental group followed Lorenz everywhere.
- 5What happened when the groups were mixed together?The same results as when they were separate.
- 6What did Lorenz identify about a critical period?It depends on the species and can be as brief as a few hours after hatching, if imprinting did not occur during this time then Loren found that they did not attach themselves to a mother figure.
- 7Define the idea of sexual imprinting.Animals desire whatever they are attached to during sexual maturity.
- 8What are criticisms of this research?- Can't generalise to humans, mammalian attachment is different to that of birds.
- Guilton (1966) challenges the idea that imprinting has a permanent effect on mating behaviour. - 9What was the aim of Harlow's study?To investigate if rhesus monkeys become attached to their mother because she provides food or comfort.
- 10How many conditions were there? Describe them. What kind of situation were each monkey exposed to?-1. 4 monkeys, both mothers (wire had bottle)
2. both mothers (cloth had bottle)
3. Wire
4. Cloth
- stressful situation with both mothers to choose from. - 11What was the main conclusion from this study? What was the critical period that Harlow identified?- The source of attachment is AFFECTION not FOOD.
- Mother has to be introduced within 90 day for an attachment to form. - 12What were the 2 variations Harlow investigated?1. There was no real mother-like figure to see if maternal deprivation could have permanent effects, the maternal instincts in later life were non-existent. One mother killed her baby.
2. Showed that when the mother figure provided stress themselves the baby monkeys clinged to them more. - 13What are two criticisms of this study?- Animals may not be similar enough to humans to be generalizable.
- Caused great harm to monkeys involved, in specific those who had no mother like figure, as the findings were used for human social improvement, it could be considered that these monkeys could have suffered human-like. - 14What are three advantages to this study?- Challenges the cupboard love theory, comfort and contact are also important.
- Improved the understanding of the importance of contact between mother and child after birth, also encouraged social workers to monitor comfort and affection.
- Used to improve the care of captive monkeys in zoos and in breeding programmes in the wild.
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- AS - Level Psychology (Attachment (1)) FlashCards sobre 3. Animal Studies, criado por Ellie Winterburn em 26-03-2016.
- Criado por
- Ellie Winterburn
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