Flashcards
PSYCH
Flashcards do conjunto (39)
- 1Examples of cultural variations in non human animalsGorillas (termite-fighting, ant dipping, leaf grooming, mate choice)
- 2social influences (social enhancement )social enhancement: seeing another animal doing it will make the animal also do it
- 3social enhancement(local enhancement)the activity of an animal with attract the other animal to that area and will teach itself
- 4social influence (stimulus enhancement)the activity of an animal attracts the subjects attention toward a stimulus (food item)
- 5social influence(response facilitation)the activity of one animal increases the chances of the other animal to engage in the same general activity leading to the animal learning.
- 6social influence (imitation)copying/someone performs a sequence of actions and they replicate the exact sae thing back
- 7social influence(emuation)performs a sequence of actions to achieve a goal
- 8social influence(teaching)a skilled individual modifies its behavior only in presence of naive observer
- 9imitationopaque box (info is unavailable) only copying
- 10emulationtransparent box (info is available)
- 11Social learning mechanisms of cultural transmissionssocial enhancement, local enhancement, stimulus enhancement, response facilitation, imitation, emulation, and teaching
- 12bird songs (loud)attract mates, defend terriotories
- 13interactive singingDuetting: sounds like one bird, male & female parts (female answers to male)
- 14song types (m & f)male: independent
female: dependent - 15femalesthey answer with one answer type only, they follow rules
- 16counter-singingbetween two males
- 17song type matchingH1: aggression
H2: comparison - 18forms of communicatioauditory, visual, tactile(fighting) chemical
- 19components of communicationsignal; generation, reception, transmission
- 20speech communicationspeech; production, perception, sound transmission, the speech chain
- 21failures in speech communicationdifferent languages, child & adult communication
- 22linguisticdistinctive sounds in language a sound that makes meaning difference
- 23differences between child and adultImmature motor control Different vocal tract shape Higher larynx Lack of teeth Flat shape Shorter vocal tract Bigger tongue
- 24what is personality ?organization, behaviour, thoughts and feelings
- 25six things about personality1. it has organization 2.it is active 3.it is psychological but also physical 4.relates to the world 5.patterns and reoccurs 6.consistent behavioural traits
- 263 points about personality1.it is uique 2.peple differ in clustered gropus 3. act similar ways in different situations
- 27two main goals of psychologistsidentify (methods) explain (theories)
- 28animal behaviourethological falllacy
- 29human reserahjingle-jangle fallacy
- 30fallacyThe assumption that two different traits are similar due to labels
• Or
• Similar traits are different because they have similar labels - 31nomination approach: the human ability to choose appropriate traits based on our perception of variation in species
- 32adaptive approach: relies of the biological relevance to the ecology and evolution of the species
- 33top-down approachpersonality traits found in other species (often humans) and seeks the differences and similarities ex: does this species have the same reliable trait found in humans?
- 34bottoms-up approach: explores the building blocks of a certain trait ex: what is the genetic basis of the boldness of a chimpanzee
- 35trait ratinginfo of a subject (questionnaire)
- 36behavioral codingobjective: sampling of one life (records, artefacts) projective: meaning of something (drawings, verbal)
- 37rational methodreasons and theory to generate a list of questions
- 38emphirical methodprevious reserach required
- 39—
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- FlashCards sobre PSYCH, criado por taylor pyne em 17-11-2016.
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- taylor pyne
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