Memory 1

Memory 1

1. Coding, Capacity & Duration of Memory

   • Research on Coding
     • Diff coding
       • Convert info
     • Baddeley
       • Word lists
         • Ac/sem
         • Sim/diff
       • Recall
         • Immediately
           • Ac sim worst
           • STM
         • Time
           • Sem sim worst
           • LTM
       • Evaluation
         • Artificial
           • Not generalise
         • STM sem if meaning
           • Limited
   • Research on Capacity
     • Jacobs
       • 4 digits
         • Add 1
       • 9.3 digits
       • 7.3 letters
       • Evaluation
         • Long time ago
           • Lack control
             • Validity
         • Others support
     • Miller
       • Chunking
         • Words = letters
       • STM 7+-2 chunks
       • Evaluation
         • Overestimated STM capacity
         • Cowan
           • 4 chunks
   • Research on Duration
     • LTM
       • Bahrick
         • Photo
           • 15Y, 90%
           • 48Y, 70%
         • Free
           • 15Y, 60%
           • 48Y, 30%
         • Evaluation
           • Meaningful
             • Lower if not
           • Pps looked
             • Rehearsed
     • STM
       • Peterson
         • 24 UG's, 8 trials
         • Consonant syllable
           • Count back diff times
         • 18-30s
         • Evaluation
           • Lack external validity
           • Artificial

2. Multi-Store Model

   • Sensory Register
     • Env stimuli
     • Iconic, echoic etc.
     • <1/2 second
     • High capacity
       • Further if attention
   • STM
     • Limited
       • 7+-2
         • Closer to 5
     • Acoustic
     • 18-30s
   • LTM
     • Permanent (rehearsal)
       • Unlimited
     • Semantic
     • Recall
       • Back to STM
         • Never direct
   • Evaluation
     • STM & LTM diff
       • Baddeley
         • Separate & independent
     • MSM
       • STM unitary
         • KF bad out loud, fine self
           • Other STM
     • MSM amount rehearsal
       • Maintenance
         • No transfer
       • Elaborative
         • Link - meaning
     • Real-life memories useful
       • Studies artificial
         • Not generalise

3. Types of LTM

   • Explicit that, implicit how
   • Episodic
     • Recall
       • Personal
     • Time
       • Specific details
         • Context
           • Emotions
   • Semantic
     • Knowledge
       • Everyone
         • Generalised
     • No time
   • Procedural
     • Actions/skills
       • Unconscious
         • Attention disrupts
         • Focus other tasks
   • Evaluation
     • Brain areas active
       • Tulving
         • Ep in right prefrontal cortex
           • Sem left
             • Both hippocampus
               • Proc cerebellum
                 • Physical reality
     • HM & Clive Wearing
       • Ep amnesia
         • No past
           • Sem & proc fine
             • Diff stores in diff parts
     • Target
       • Inc ep in elderly
         • Trained did better on test
           • Specific treatments
     • HM & Clive Wearing useful
       • No control
         • Can't generalise