Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Surface Anatomy

   • is the study of form and markings of the body surface, often explored through visualization or palpation ( with out cutting)

2. Gross Anatomy

   • is the study of anatomical structures visible to unaided eye. Gross dissection proceeds through "cutting"

3. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION

   • Chemical Levels
   • Cellular Level
   • Tissue Level
     • Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a similar function. 4 basic types of tissue Epithelium ( mostly covering/lining) Connective Tissue ( mostly binding) Muscle ( mostly active) Nerve ( mostly signaling)
   • Organ Level
     • Organs are structures composed of two or more different types of issues ( all but the simplest of organs have all 4 tissue types) Organs have specific functions and recognizable shapes An organ system consists of related organs with a common function.
   • System Level

4. 11 organ Systems in the Human Body

   • Integumentary- Skin , Hair, and Nail
   • Skeletal- Bones, support, protection, movement
   • Muscular- muscle tissue; movement
   • Nervous- nervous tissue; movement, memory, though
   • Endocrine- glands; hormone secretion, regulation
   • Cardiovascular- heart, vessels; distribution system
   • Lymphatic- ducts; transmits lymph, immune functions
   • Respiratory- lungs; gas exchange
   • Urinary- Kidneys, bladder; filters, elimination
   • Reproductive - male/female; reproduction