Memory in Everyday Life

Memory in Everyday Life

1. EWT

   • Anxiety
     • Yerkes-Dodson curve
     • Being anxious affects your recall
     • Local health clinic study- injections
     • Weapon focus- pen-grease, penknife-blood:identify faces pen and grease did better
     • Evaluation
       • -low ecological validity
       • -No element of surprise
       • -demand characteristics
       • -ethics
   • Age
     • Older people have less accurate & detailed recall than middle aged adults
     • Relaxation techniques- misleading info- distorted memory of older more than younger
     • the elderly are more likely to make false identifications- men in particular
     • young children more effected by misleading info
     • children who watched staged theft- children remembered more when there was a theft
     • Evaluation
       • Stimulus material may be poor
       • Confounding variables- age comparisons
       • Not representive of populatation

2. Leading Questions

   • Lab
   • Independent groups
   • Smashed, Collided, Bumped, Hit, Contacted
     • Smashed higher speed estimate
   • Can alter peoples memories
   • Evaluation
     • +high control
     • +cause&effect
     • -Low ecological validity
     • -Demand characteristics

3. Cognitive Interview

   • 1.Report everything
   • 2.Recreate the original context
   • 3.Change the order
   • 4.Change perspective
   • It does increase recall
   • Time consuming
   • Individual differences

4. Improving Memory

   • Mnuemonics
     • Verbal
       • Acronym
         • Nominal,Ordinal, Interval, Ratio, NOIR
       • Acrostic
         • My Very Easy Method Just Speeds Up Naming Planets
       • Rhymes
     • Visual
       • Mind Map
       • Keyword Method
       • Method of Loci

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