Key Terms

Key Terms

1. Prelexical Processing

   • "auditory processing prelexical processing goes through a series of stages once the acoustic information is analyzed in the primary auditory cortex" (Scott & Wise, 2004).
   • "Auditory analysis is carried out bilaterally for all complex sounds, which is consistent with the notion that word sound-deafness often coexists with auditory agnosia and that this pattern generally results from bilateral temporal lobe damage" (Papathanasiou & Coppens, 2017).
   • (Scott, 2012) suggests the existence of a left lateralized speech specific processing in addition to a right lateralized processing associated with music recognition.
   • "Imagining studies that show activation of the primary motor cortex during auditory comprehension resurrected the motor theory of speech perception" (Lieberman & Mattingly, 1985).
   • "a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) study found that when the lip representation in the left primary motor cortex was temporarily disrupted by electromagnetic induction, categorical perception was affected" (Mottonen & Watkins, 2009).
   • "Localization studies suggest that this integration happens at multiple levels of the auditory cortex" (Besle et al., 2008)

2. Lexical Processing

   • "The majority of cognitive models of auditory comprehension include a level of lexical as well as phonological processing" (Cutler, 2008).
   • "An important feature of the auditory lexicon is the notion of neighborliness" (Papathanasiou & Coppens, 2017).
   • "Neighborhood density has been shown to interact with word frequency in auditory lexical decision tasks"(Goh, Suarez, Yap, & Tan, 2009).
   • "Given that longer words tend to have fewer phonological neighbors and therefore are more phonologically distinctive, this may explain why a patient with lexical access deficit was more likely to comprehend words if they were long" (Howard & Franklin, 1988).
   • The parallel distributed processing (PDP) model of Seidenberg and McClelland (1989) differs radically in that it comprises phonological, orthographic, and conceptual semantic layers, with no lexical level.

3. Phonological input lexicon

   • a store of known words (Papathanasiou & Coppens, 2017).

4. Semantic System

   • meaning of the word

5. lexical

   • nonsense words, new words, words from a foreign language