Personality class notes (friday oct. 17th 2015)

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Psychodynamic Theories

Personality: Individuals characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

Freud believed...

That all aspects of behaviour were worth investigating

Everything had a cause

Study human behaviour

He came up with explanations for all human behaviours

Freudian slip: say something that you didn't mean to say

unconscious process

observations and inferences about the actions of others

inferences of thoughts, attitude, motivations, are not scientific and not directly observable

Used free association as a tool to make people take and then pick up on the phrase they would use and question them on it - in depth analysis of the person's behaviour

Dynamics that drove our behaviour are unconscious (example of iceberg)

Three parts of human personality

1) ID = pleasure principle - driven by unconscious psychic energy

2) Superego = conscious, it is okay to do it but we "need" to conform to moral standards

3) Ego = reality principle

Sex: ID = satisfying SE = adhere to moral principles E= Courtship lead to sex in a socially acceptable manner

Hunger: view slides

ID = how do i want to behave

SE= How should I

E= How do I

Psychosexual stages and is marked by the focus on erogenous zone that provides sexual pleasure

Victorian era = sex was taboo

stages: oral (0 to 8 months - explores with mouth), anal (rendre un enfant propre), phallic , latency(dormant sexual feelings) , genital (puberty and increase discovery of sexual interest) (view slides)

Oedipus complex : greek king who killed his father and married his mother (didn't know)

Electra complex: Parallel complex in girls ...

These complexes tend to disappear over time

Greek word for uterus = hystera =hysterectomy = also hysteria which was a female illness - not observed in man and had no organic cause selon Freud

Repression of sexual feelings = emotional symptoms = Hysteria at the time diagnosed by Freud

When you have unresolved conflicts of when you were a teenage / kid = will appear in adulthood until it gets fixed

Freud's personality development of defence mechanisms: repression, regression, reaction formation, projection, rationalization, displacement, denial

Neo-Freudians

Alder and Horney - not sexual tensions but social tensions that make childhood important

Alder - inferiority complexe = power was important to overcome feelings

Horney - Anxiety = drove need for love ans security

Jung - he agreed to Freud's unconscious but extended it to include collective unconsciousness = social repository of experience // archetypes of the collective unconscious = deep seated issues of spirituality and symbolism includes myths and images shared across cultures.

En bref...

incorporated some of freud's ideas but moved away from it (sex)

Adhere to : role of the unconscious / internal struggles...

Unconscious process

how to have access to it?

- Dreams interpretation

Psychoanalysts tests = uses individuals responses as an indication of the unconscious

Projective test (TAT) - interpretation of pictures shown and individual makes up a story based on the picture (Freud)

Rorschach inkblot test - interpretation of the inkblot showed to the individual

Are they useful tools? Yes they are - stimulates vocalisation / can be misinterpreted / assess anxiety and hostility sometimes