Quiz
Clinical Pathoanatomy MCQs (Q 151-250)
Perguntas do quiz (100)
1The most frequent form of primary glomerular disease in children is
- AMinimal change disease
- BAcute glomeruonephritis
2Hyperfunction of anterior pituitary in pre-pubertal children generally can result in
- AAcromegaly
- BGigantism
3The role of external radiation in the etiology of thyroid cancer is predominant in
- APapillary carcinoma
- BFollicular carcinoma
4The following type of carcinoma of the breast is characterised by 'Indian file' pattern of tumour cells
- AInfiltrating distal carcinoma
- BInvasive lobular carcinoma
5Prostatic hyperplasia affects most often
- APeripheral prostate
- BPeriurethral prostate
6Which criteria refer to pernicious anaemia
- ALow serum B12
- BMegaloblastic anaemia
- CAntibody against internal factor of Castle
- DGastric parietal cell antibody
7Which of the following tumours have association with occupational exposure to asbestosis?
- ASilicosis
- BMalignant mesothelioma
- CSquamous cell carcinoma
- DLaryngeal carcinoma
8Which of the following features characterise ulcerative colitis, except
- AFormation of crypt abscess and cryptitis
- BSuperficial mucosal ulceration
- CDepletion of goblet cells and mucus
- DStricture formation in chronic cases
9Philadelphia chromosome is characterised by
- ATranslocation (8;14)
- BTranslocation (9;22)
- CTranslocation (22;9)
- DTranslocation (14;8)
10Which of the following are included in classic Hodgkin's disease
- AHistiocytic fibrosis
- BLymphocytic depletion
- CMixed cellularity
- DNodular sclerosis
11Pulseless disease is
- ATemporal arteritis
- BKawasaki's disease
- CTakayasu arteritis
- DBuerger's disease
12The morphological variants of diagnostic cells in Hodgkin's disease are
- ACells with bilobed nucleus appearing as mirror image
- BMegaloblastic cells
- CLacunar type cell
- DLarge cleaved cells
13Crohn's disease is characterised by the following histopathologic features
- ANon-caseating sarcoid like granulomas
- BDeep transmural ulceration
- CMultiple abscesses
- DPseudopolyps
14According to monoclonal atherosclerosis hypothesis, the primary event in atherosclerosis is
- AMonoclonal proliferation of endothelial cells
- BMonoclonal proliferation of smooth muscle cells
- CMonoclonal proliferation of monocytes
- DMonoclonal proliferation of foam cells
15Barrett's oesophagus is
- ACongenital anomaly
- BInflammatory disease
- CMetaplastic process
- DNeoplastic lesion
16The most common site of involvement of atherosclerosis aneurysm is
- AArch of aorta
- BThoracic aorta
- CSuprarenal part of abdominal aorta
- DInfrarenal part of abdominal aorta
17The following histologic types of bronchogenic carcinoma have strong association with cigarette smoking except
- ASquamous cell carcinoma
- BSmall cell carcinoma
- CLarge cell carcinoma
- DAdenocarcinoma
18The most important and common complicated atheromatous lesion in the coronary artery in acute myocardial infarction is
- ACalcification
- BCoronary artery thrombosis
- CAneurysm
- DUlceration
19In hypertensive heart disease left ventricular hypertrophy is correlated with
- ADuration of hypertension
- BSeverity of hypertension
- CCause of hypertension
- DSeverity of coronary atherosclerosis
20The most common causative agent for lobar pneumonia is
- AStaphylococci
- BStreptococci
- CPneumococci
- DHaemophilus
21The common complications of gastric ulcer are
- APenetration
- BPneumonia
- CHaemorrhage
- DPerforation
22What complication can occur due to atherosclerosis of femoral artery?
- AThrombophlebitis
- BDiabetes mellitus
- CGangrene
- DPulmonary thromboembolism
23Which of the following types of acute viral hepatitis become chronic hepatitis?
- AType A
- BType B
- CType C
- DAll the three answers are correct
24Nephrotic syndrome develops in
- AUrine retention
- BAcute renal failure
- CAcute pyelonephritis
- DGlomerulonephritis
25The infection which leads to pyelonephritis may be a result of
- AHematogenous dissemination
- BAscending dissemination
- CImmune conflict
- DAs a complication of glomerulonephritis
26Which of the following diseases does not lead to nephrosclerosis?
- AAtherosclerosis
- BDiabetes mellitus
- CDiabetes insipidus
- DGout
27Squamous cell carcinoma is a common tumour in the
- AUterine body
- BOvaries
- CFallopian tubes
- DUterine cervix
28Which of the morphological methods are used for subtyping lymphomas?
- AVan Gieson staining
- BPAS
- CVon Kossa staining
- DImmunohistochemistry
29Which of the following complications can develop in pulmonary carcinoma?
- AMantle pneumonia
- BBrown induration of lungs
- CEmpyema
- DMassive haemorrhage
30Determine the pathological process in the lung emphysema, having in mind the microscopic appearance - a focus of necrosis, detritus, leukocytes and macrophages
- AAcute pulmonary abscess
- BChronic pulmonary abscess
- CBronchiectasis
- DLung cancer in decay
31What disease is endometriosis?
- AInflammation of the uterine mucosa
- BInflammation of the uterine cervix
- CDishormonal disease
- DTumour
32Point out the characteristic macroscopic changes of chronic obstructive emphysema
- ADecreased in size lungs, collapsed to the hilum
- BLungs with increased volume
- CThick consistency of the lungs
- DReduced elasticity and soft consistency
33Gynecomastia is a disease of
- ABreast in women
- BOvaries
- CMale breast
- DTestes
34What is typical for the first stage of syphilis?
- ASiphilides
- BUlcus durum
- CGumma
- DGeneralised lymphadenitis
35For tuberculous meningitis the following histological changes are typical
- APurulent infiltration in the meninges
- BEndarteriitis obliterans
- CGranulomatous inflammation
- DCaseous necrosis
36Why are occupational diseases named pneumoconiosis?
- ACor hypertonicum
- BDisease of the lungs associated with mineral dust inhalation
- CPneumonia
- DInfection of the bronchial wall and lung parenchyma
37Which of the following factors play a role in the development of bronchial carcinoma?
- AChronic bronchitis
- BSmoking
- CInfluenza
- DWork/environmental factors
38What is the exudate in the pleural cavity and pericardial sac due to lymphatic spread of pulmonary carcinoma into them?
- AFibrinous
- BSerious
- CHaemorrhagic
- DPurulent
39What forms of silicosis do you know?
- ANodular
- BDiffuse-sclerotic
- CSenile
- DCombination of a and b (Nodular & Diffuse-sclerotic)
40Apically located peripheral pulmonary carcinoma is represented by the eponym
- AClaude-Bernard-Horner syndrome
- BPancoast-Tobias
- CPtosis and miosis
- DEnophthalmus
41Which diseases complicate silicosis?
- ACor hypertonicum
- BCor pulmonale chronicum
- CTuberculosis
- DPneumofibrosis
42Claude-Bernard-Horner syndrome includes the following
- APtosis, midriasis, anhydrosis
- BPtosis, miosis, increased sweating
- CPtosis, miosis, pseudoenophthalmus
- DAnhydrosis
43What possible gross changes do we see in lung carcinoma?
- APneumonia-like form
- Bill-defined central node connected to a bronchus
- CLinitis plastic
- DPeripheral ill-defined node
44Chronic bronchitis is usually accompanied by
- ASquamous cell metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium
- BPhases of purulent inflammation
- CProductive cough for at least 2 months/year for 3 consecutive years
- DProductive cough for at least 3 months/year for 2 consecutive years
45Squamous cell lung carcinoma occurs
- AIn the middle lobe of the left lung
- BAfter squamous cell metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium of bronchi
- CAs an ill-defined node connected to a bronchus
- DForming nests of Tumour cells producing keratin
46In small cell lung carcinoma we can observe
- ANumerous Tumour cells with scant stroma
- BThe tumour cells resemble oat-grains
- CIt grows in a pneumonia-like fashion
- DThe tumour cells have very high proliferative rate
47Bronchio-alveolar pulmonary carcinoma is characterised by
- AForms papillary folds into the alveolar lumen
- BIt is a form of squamous cell carcinoma
- CThe cells produce keratin
- DIt is a form of adenocarcinoma
48Hodgkin lymphoma has
- AFive histological variants
- BHodgkin cells
- CReed-Sternberg cells
- DPolyclonal inflammatory background
49In Hodgkin lymphoma we can observe
- AEffaced lymph node structure
- BNodular sclerosis histological form
- CMixed cellularity histological form
- DChronic myeloleukemia
50Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be
- ANodal
- BB-cell and T-cell types
- CExtranodal
- DNone of the above
51In chronic lympholeukemia in the liver can be seen
- AMyeloblasts
- BMature lymphocytes and single lymphoblasts
- CFocal leukemic infiltrates in the portal spaces
- DLeukemic infiltrates in the sinusoids
52Chronic myeloleukemia causes the following changes in liver
- AEffaced lobular structure
- BHypertrophy and hyperplasia of hepatocytes
- CAtrophy of hepatocytes
- DLeukaemic infiltrates in the sinusoids
53In chronic myeloleukemia we observe the following
- ALong remissions even without treatment
- BExtreme hepato-splenomegaly
- CAnemia, hemorrhages, infections
- DSplenic infarctions
54Which are the clinical phases of chronic myeloleukemia?
- AChronic stable phase
- BAccelerated phase
- CBlast crisis
- DNone of the above
55In Hodgkin lymphoma, mixed cellularity type
- AThere can be seen numerous eosinophils
- BWe can observe area with necrosis
- CIntact histological lymph nose structure
- DGiant bi-uncleared cells, called 'mirror image'
56Plasmocytoma has the following features
- AReed-Sternberg Tumour cells
- BJelly-like raspberry red osteolytic bone lesion
- CThe tumour cells have a large vacuolar nucleus with prominent nucleolus
- DThe tumour cells have a round eccentric nucleus with a pale halo around it
57Which of the following are examples of pathological processes in the oral cavity that can have an effect of internal organs?
- AScarlet fever
- BPeritonsilar abscess
- CEpilus
- DOral squamous cell carcinoma
58Which avitaminoses can be associated with changes in the oral cavity?
- AVit. B6
- BVit. B12
- CVit. D
- DNone of the above
59Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause the following changes in the oral cavity
- AGlossomegaly
- BHunter's tongue (atrophic gastritis)
- CGeographic tongue
- DFibrinous gingivitis
60What type of examination will you suggest to your patient if you diagnose him/her with atrophic glossitis (Hunter's tongue)?
- AColonoscopy
- BDermatoscopy
- CGastroscopy
- DHysteroscopy
61If a patient with atrophic glossitis is examined with gastroscopy, what can be the findings in gastric mucosa?
- AMenetrier's disease
- BAtrophic autoimmune gastritis
- CAcute fibrinous gastritis
- DNone of the above
62The risk of which disease does atrophic autoimmune gastritis carry?
- AAcute gastritis
- BAtrophy of the colonic mucosa
- CRectal cancer
- DGastric cancer
63What are the usual changes in leukoplakia?
- AThe epithelium is hyperkeratotic
- BAcanthosis in the epithelium
- CChronic inflammation
- DDysplasia in the epithelium can be observed
64What can we observe in leukoplakia?
- AParakeratosis
- BDysplasia
- CCarcinoma in situ
- DDiabetes
65Which of the following is true of pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland
- AIt is a benign tumour
- BIt contains hyperplastic fatty tissue
- CIt is firm and Lobulated
- DIt is painful and inflamed
66In chronic tonsillitis we can observe the following
- APurulent exudate
- BHypertrophic tonsillitis
- CAtrophic tonsillitis
- DIt is a predisposing factor for the formation of epilus
67The typical histological picture of epilus includes
- ALanghans giant multinuclear cells
- BFresh haemorrhages and hemosiderin
- COsteoclast-type multinuclear giant cells
- DIt is a true tumour
68Adamantinoma (amelloblastoma) is
- AA true tumour
- BAn odontogenic tumour
- CWhen compressed the sound is described as flapping wings
- DWhen it is compressed the sound is described as eggshell cracking
69Why is it necessary to comment on the presence or absence of H.pylori in gastric biopsies?
- AH.pylori is a risk factor for MALT lymphoma
- BH.pylori is a risk factor for duodenal cancer
- CH.pylori causes chronic gastritis
- DH.pylori is a severe fungal infection
70Which of the following are possible complications of chronic gastric ulcer?
- APenetration in the diaphragm
- BPerforation
- CPyloric stenosis
- DMassive haemorrhage
71Which special stain help us determine the presence of H.pylori in gastric biopsies?
- AVan Gieson
- BGiemsa
- CCongo Red
- DImmunohistochemistry
72The following changes can be observed in acute duodenal ulcer
- AFibrinoid necrosis at the ulcer base
- BInflammatory infiltrate with lymphocytes and plasma cells
- CUlceration penetrating through muscularis mucosae, reaching muscularis propria
- DIt often undergoes malignant transformation
73What histological types of gastric cancer do you recognise?
- AAdenocarcinoma
- BSignet-ring cell carcinoma
- CSquamous cell carcinoma
- DMucinous adenocarcinoma
74In phlegmonous appendicitis we can observe the following
- APeri-appendicitis
- BLymphocyte infiltration in the mucosa
- CNeutrophilic infiltration throughout the thickness of the wall of the appendix
- DConstriction of the blood vessels of the serosa
75Phlegmonous appendicitis is characterised by
- APurulent exudate in the lumen
- BHypoplasia of the lymph follicles
- CHyperplastic activated lymph follicles
- DHyperemic blood vessels of the serosa
76Gangrenous appendicitis is characterised by
- ALymphocytic infiltration of the mucosa
- BThrombosis of blood vessels
- CNecrosis of the wall of the appendix
- DSevere inflammation through the wall of the appendix
77What are the causes which may lead to micro-nodular liver cirrhosis?
- AAcute viral hepatitis
- BChronic viral hepatitis
- CCardiogenic shock
- DChronic alcoholism
78Which of the types of necrosis are found in chronic active hepatitis?
- APiece-meal necrosis
- BAdjacent necrosis
- CBridging necrosis
- DCaseous necrosis
79Why does the level of calcium in the blood has prognostic value in acute pancreatitis?
- ACalcium is deposited in the bones
- BCalcium levels in the blood slower with the progression of steato-necrosis
- CCalcium reacts with fatty acids to form soaps
- DIt has no prognostic value
80Some of the gross features of acute pancreatitis are
- AEnlarged liver
- BSteatonecrosis of the fatty tissue around and inside the pancreas
- CHaemorrhages in the tissues of the pancreas
- DFibrosis in the tissues of the pancreas
81What histological changes can be observed in chronic hepatitis?
- AChronic cholecystitis
- BInflammatory infiltrates
- CMassive necrosis of hepatocytes
- DFibrotic septa
82Chronic cholecystitis is characterised by the following
- AOften it is accompanied by cholelithiasis
- BIt has no association with cholelithiasis
- CCan cause adhesions
- DIt is caused by viral infection
83Which is the following can be complications caused by chronic cholecystitis?
- APeritonitis
- BObstruction of d.choledochus
- CCholestasis
- DPancreatitis
84After consuming poisonous mushrooms, a patient shows signs of acute liver failure with progressive reduction of the size of the liver. What process has developed in the liver?
- AAcute viral hepatitis
- BMassive hepatic necrosis
- CHepatocellular carcinoma
- DNone of the above
85After consuming poisonous mushrooms, a patient shows signs of acute liver failure with progressive reduction of the size of the liver. Besides liver failure, what other complication can worsen the patient's clinical condition?
- ALeft sided heart failure
- BRight sided heart failure
- CPyelonephritis
- DAcute renal failure
86Which of the following can occur after a streptococcal tonsillitis?
- APost-infectious cholecystitis
- BPost-infectious glomerulonephritis
- CMinimal change disease of the kidneys
- DAcute rheumatism
87Which types of glomerulonephritis are clinically presented by nephritic syndrome?
- ADiffuse endocapillary glomerulonephritis
- BRapidly progressing glomerulonephritis
- CMinimal change disease
- DMembranous glomerulonephritis
88Which types of glomerulonephritis are clinically presented by nephrotic syndrome?
- ADiffuse endocapillary glomerulonephritis
- BRapidly progressing glomerulonephritis
- CMinimal change disease
- DMembranous glomerulonephritis
89What findings can be observed in glomerulonephritis?
- AKlebsiella
- BE.coli
- CStreptococcus
- DThe urine is sterile
90Which type of glomerulonephritis is 'crescentic'?
- AMinimal change disease
- BRapidly progressing glomerulonephritis
- CMembranous glomerulonephritis
- DDiffuse endocapillary glomerulonephritis
91'Big white kidney' can be observed in the following cades
- ARapidly progressing glomerulonephritis
- BAmyloidosis of the kidney
- CMinimal change disease
- DNephrosclerotic glomerulonephritis
92Which of the following histological changes are associated with tubal pregnancy?
- AChorionic Villi and decidual Changes of the endometrium
- BMonstrous trophoblast, hydropic chorionic villi
- CHematoma in Fallopian tube, chorionic villi invading the muscular layer of the tube, decidual changes of the endometrium
- DCervical intraepithelial lesion, third grade
93Which of the following histological changes are associated with mola hydatidosa?
- AChorionic Villi and decidual Changes of the endometrium
- BMonstrous trophoblast, hydropic chorionic villi without feral blood capillaries
- CHematoma in Fallopian tube, chorionic villi invading the muscular layer of the tube, decidual changes of the endometrium
- DCervical intraepithelial lesion, third grade
94Which of the following histological changes are associated with abortion (miscarriage) ?
- AChorionic Villi and decidual Changes of the endometrium
- BMonstrous trophoblast, hydropic chorionic villi without feral blood capillaries
- CHematoma in Fallopian tube, chorionic villi invading the muscular layer of the tube, decidual changes of the endometrium
- DCervical intraepithelial lesion, third grade
95Specify the associated clinical symptoms in dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix
- ANo clinical symptoms
- BScarce contact bleeding
- CFever
- DEnlarged inguinal lymph nodes
96Why if curettage from a suspected pregnancy shows only decidual changes, the gynaecologist should be notified immediately?
- AThere is an increased risk for endometrial carcinoma
- BThere is an increased risk of associated mola hydatidosa
- CThere is an increased risk of associated intraepithelial lesion of the cervix
- DThere is a high risk of associated tubal pregnancy
97Mola hydatidosa has the following characteristics
- AGrossly it resembles grape-like structures
- BChorionic villi have fetal capillaries
- CChorionic villi are with hydropic edema
- DChorionic villi lack fetal blood vessels
98Examples of ovarian cysts are
- AFollicular cyst
- BCystadenoma papilliferum
- CMature teratoma (dermoid cyst)
- DColloid cyst
99Which hormones play a role in breast diseases?
- ASomatropin
- BOxytocin
- CEstrogen
- DProgesterone
100How does the breast cancer metastasise?
- APrimarily via lymphogenic spread
- BDistantly via hematogenous spread
- CFibro-epithelial spread
- DApocrine spread
Informações
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- Quiz on MCQs in Clinical Pathology - 4th year PMU (Q 151-250), created by Ore iyanda on 16/01/2018.
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- Ore iyanda
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- English
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