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Pharmacology Vet 202 Chapter Nine Study Guide
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Questions in this quiz (25)
1The drug of choice for managing seizures long term is an oral barbiturate that has the benefit of being relatively inexpensive while having an extensive half-life. What is this drug?
- ADiazepam
- BPhenobarbital
- CXylazine
- DPotassium bromide
- EPentobarbital
2Over time, barbiturate use results in upregulation of the enzymes responsible for the drug’s breakdown. This phenomenon is known as enzyme __________________.
- Atolerance
- Banabolism
- Cinduction
- Dinactivation
- Emodulation
3Diazepam is a benzodiazepine tranquilizer that, in contrast to phenobarbital which is used as a long-term anti-seizure medication, is instead used as an emergency IV drug for use during an active convulsion. All of the following are characteristics of diazepam except one. Which choice is incorrect?
- AThe mode of action is stimulation of GABA
- BOral dosing is severely limited by an extensive first-pass effect
- CTends to cause withdrawal signs after abruptly ceasing use
- DGood choice for a dog with a history of aggression that is controlled with obedience training
4Which of the following is a property of potassium bromide?
- AHalf-life exceeds 3 weeks
- BDrug of choice for cats with seizures
- COften used as the sole therapy for seizures
- DAntagonizes the effect of phenobarbital if given concurrently
5There are several mechanisms of action for behavior-modifying drugs used in veterinary medicine. Which of the following is not considered one of these mechanisms?
- AModifying neurotransmitter release
- BImitating a neurotransmitter in an agonistic or antagonistic manner
- CModifying neurotransmitter duration by altering chemical breakdown capability
- DStimulate euphoria by binding to the µ opioid receptor
6Which neurotransmitter does acepromazine antagonize to decrease anxiety in both humans and veterinary patients?
- ASeratonin
- BDopamine
- CGlycine
- DGABA
7Which of the following classes of antidepressant medications function by modifying the activity of enzymes that are responsible for the biotransformation of neurotransmitters?
- ATricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
- BMonoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
- CSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
- DAll of the above
8What is the general role of the neurotransmitter serotonin?
- AMood determinant
- BStarting material for catecholamine production
- CCentral nervous system inhibition
- DIncrease parasympathetic nervous system tone
9What is primidone’s primary mechanism of activity?
- ADirectly increases activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine
- BDirectly decreases the activity of the excitatory neurotransmitter norepinephrine
- CIs metabolized to phenobarbital, so functions to stimulate GABA
- DAgonism of 2-adrenergic receptors
10An uncommonly used unit of measurement that is often used in conjunction with barbiturates is the grain. What is the size in milligrams of a 2-grain phenobarbital tablet?
- A2 mg
- B20 mg
- C120 mg
- D200 mg
11Seizures generally originate from the brain but seizure activity can also arise from other causes. Veterinary technicians should always consider these other sources except:
- Ahypoxia.
- Bhypoglycemia.
- Chypocalcemia.
- Dhypothermia.
12________________ is the term used to describe seizure activity that is prolonged and can result in positive feedback where muscle activity increases temperature and increase seizure activity.
- AIdiopathic
- BStatus epilepticus
- CProdromal phase
- DPostictal phase
13Phenobarbital used to control seizures has a well-established therapeutic range for dogs but dosages vary widely based upon:
- Aweight of the animal.
- Bhow the individual metabolizes the drug.
- Cfrequency of seizures.
- Danimals age.
14Side effects of using phenobarbital to control seizure activity in dogs include
- Aataxia.
- Bpolyuria.
- Cpolyphagia.
- DAll of the above
15Phenobarbital induced hepatotoxicity:
- Ais idiosyncratic in dogs.
- Bhappens more often in cats.
- Cis a common occurrence.
- Dcauses kidney failure.
16On an animal that is not responding particularly well to phenobarbital or the phenobarbital/bromide combination for long-term seizure control, all of the following drugs might be tried except:
- AClomicalm.
- Blevetricetam.
- Cgabapentin.
- Dzonisamide.
17Drugs that “lyse” anxiety or decrease fear responses are called:
- Aantipsychotic drugs.
- Banxiolytic drugs.
- Cantidepressant drugs.
- Dmajor tranquilizers.
18Three classes of antidepressant drugs used in human beings have also found use in veterinary medicine include all except:
- Amonoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI)
- Btricyclic antidepressants (TCA’s)
- Cselective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI’s)
- Dgamma () aminobutyric acid (GABA)
19Clomipramine’s FDA–approved indication is for treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders in dogs. A more common use of clomipramine in veterinary medicine is for:
- Atreatment of separation anxiety.
- Btreatment of depression.
- Ctreatment of seizures.
- Dtreatment of epilepsy.
20Plasma phenobarbital concentrations achieved with any given dose vary considerably from patient to patient. Therefore, the only way to ensure a dosage regimen is adequate is to
- Amonitor the animal’s behavior.
- Bcheck blood levels of phenobarbital.
- Ccheck frequent blood chemistry panels.
- Dmonitor the animal’s urine output.
21When considering neurotransmitter-modifying drugs for behavior therapy, which of the following is true?
- AUse of these drugs provides an immediate response
- BOnce an effective dose is determined, no further adjustments are needed
- CEvery animal responds differently to these drugs
- DAllows for optimal behavior modification without requiring training
22Potassium bromide is used as an adjunct drug for treating seizures when standard doses of barbiturates prove ineffective alone. Considering the long 3-week half-life of potassium bromide, how would you determine the length of time it takes to reach a steady state when using this drug daily?
- A10.5 days
- B21 days
- C21 weeks
- D105 days
- E201 Days
23Which of the following is not a side effect of barbiturate use?
- APolyphagia
- BPolydactyly
- CPolydipsia
- DPolyuria
24What is the portion of the brain that controls animal emotion and is thus targeted for alteration by behavior-modifying drugs?
- ACerebrum
- BCerebellum
- CLimbic region
- DPituitary gland
- EPineal gland
25In addition to treating behavioral problems, selegiline is also used to treat this condition in dogs.
- ACushing’s disease
- BParkinson’s disease
- CPituitary dwarfism
- DHypoadrenocorticism
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- Veterinary Medicine Quiz on Pharmacology Vet 202 Chapter Nine Study Guide, created by Kelly Kinsinger on 30/10/2018.
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- Kelly Kinsinger
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