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BMS07-1026- Glucose and Glycogen metabolism
Karten in diesem Stapel (23)
- 1How does lactate become pyruvate?Lactate dehydrogenase catalyses
Lactate looses an H, reduces NAD to NADH+H+ - 2What are the steps of glycogen synthesis?1. Glucose becomes Glucose-6-phosphate via enzyme Hexokinase/glucokinase and ATP-->ADP
2. Glucose-6-phosphate becomes Glucose-1-phosphate via enzyme phosphoglucomutase
3. UDP glucose formed
4. Glycogen formed via glucose synthase branching enzyme - 3What is the purpose of glycogen synthesis?Converting glucose to glycogen
- 4Which cells does glycogen synthesis occur in, and where in the cell?1. Brain, liver, skeletal muscle
2. In the cytoplasm of the cell - 5What does hexokinase/glucokinase do?Phosphorylate Glucose to Glucose-6-phosphate
Uses ATP-->ADP - 6What does phosphoglucamutase do?Change glucose-6-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate (glycogen synthesis) or the other way around (gluconeogenesis)
- 7What does glucose synthase branching enzyme do?Convert UDP glucose to Glycogen
- 8What is the function of gluconeogenesis? Where does it occur?Convert glycogen to glucose
Mainly in the liver (small bit in cortex of kidneys) - 9In gluconeogenesis what does glycogen phosphorylase do?Change glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate
- 10What converts glucose-6-phosphate to glucose+Pi in the liver?Glucose-6-phosphatase
- 11What is glycolysis? What does it yield? Where does it occur?Breakdown of glucose to 2ATP, Pyuruvate, 2NADH
Occurs in the cytosol of cytoplasm in most cells - 12What are the steps of glycolysis?1. Phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate using hexo/glucokinase and ATP-->ADP
2. Isomerisation of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate
3. Phosphorylation to fructose-1,6-phosphate via phosphofructokinase and ATP-->ADP
4a. DHAP-->Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)
4b. Directly to G3P
5. Oxidation to 1,3-biphosphoglycerate via Gluceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+-->NADH+H+)
6. Reverse phosphorylation to 3-phosphoglycerate using phosphoglycerate kinase (2ADP-->2ATP)
7. Isomerisation to 2-phosphoglycerate
8. Dehydration to phosphoenol pyruvate via enolase
9. Reverse phosphorylation to Pyruvate via pyruvate kinase, 2ADP-->2ATP - 13In glycolysis, which reactions use ATP?1. Phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate using hexo/glucokinase and ATP-->ADP
2. Phosphorylation to fructose-1,6-phosphate via phosphofructokinase and ATP-->ADP - 14In glycolysis, which reactions produce ATP?1. Reverse phosphorylation of 1,3-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate using phosphoglycerate kinase
2. Reverse phosphorylation of phosphoenol pyruvate to Pyruvate via pyruvate kinase - 15What does phosphofructokinase do?Phosphorylate fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-biphosphate
- 16What does glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase do?Oxidise G3P to 1,3-biphosphoglycerate (NAD+-->NADH+H+)
- 17What does phosphoglycerate kinase do?Reverse phosphorylation of 1,3-biphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate (2ADP-->2ATP)
- 18What does enolase do?Convert 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate
- 19What does pyruvate kinase do?Reverse phosphorylation of phosphoenol pyruvate to pyruvate (2ADP-->2ATP)
- 20What are the 3 enzymes catalysing the irreversible steps of glycolysis?1.hexokinase
2. phosphofructokinase (PFK)
3. pyruvate kinase - 21What are inhibitors of glycolysis? (negative feedback, allosteric)1. ATP
2. Citrate
3. Phosphoenol pyruvate - 22What are activators of glycolysis?AMP
- 23—
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- Beschreibung
- Draw glucose/glycogen importance of liver glycogen in blood glucose concentration+skeletal muscle glycogen as metabolic fuel. enzyme reactions involved in glycogen synthesis/degradation. metabolic events for conversion of glucose/glycogen to pyruvate formation of ATP from ADP by ‘substrate level phosphorylation’. processes for the regeneration of NAD+ from NADH under aerobic/anaerobic conditions, role of lactate dehydrogenase in muscles Control of glycogen metabolism/glycolysis
- Erstellt von
- Evian Chai
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- 50
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