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Karteikarten

Communication

raeesasirkhot Englisch 48 Karten

Karten in diesem Stapel (48)

  1. 1TeamA team is a group of people who are brought together to meet a specific set of goals or objectives. Teams consist of two or more individuals who coordinate their efforts in order to attain a set goal.
  2. 2Team membersBeing a team member will increase your sense of belonging in an organization. You‘ll also benefit from working with others who possess different personality types and beliefs than your own. You‘ll learn to remain open-minded at all times and might begin to approach tasks in a variety of new ways. As a member of a team that is striving for a common goal, you‘ll also feel a sense of accomplishment when the team reaches its goal. You‘ll begin to realize the significant role you and your teammates play in the organization and how much your efforts are appreciated.
  3. 3The two types of teamsThere are different types of teams, traditional teams and self-directed work teams (SDWTs). The types of teams operated differently in three fundamental ways:  Accountability. The most significant difference between the types of teams is that the members of SDWTs manage themselves and are held fully accountable for their actions. They are teams of highly-trained employees responsible for turning out a final product or service. In a traditional team, accountability rests predominantly on the shoulders of a designated leader.  Training. Members of traditional teams usually are assigned specific tasks or responsibilities within the team. Members of SDWTs, on the other hand, are trained in a wide range of skills and often rotate responsibilities.  Leadership. Traditional teams typically have appointed leaders, whereas SDWTs do not, though members might move into various leadership roles as the team develops.
  4. 4Team categoriesAlthough teams are created with many purposes in mind, most teams can be classified into one of the following categories:  Special Project Teams  Quality Circles  Committees
    Special project teams Special project or task force teams typically consist of members from several departments who are organized to work on a specific project. After the team has completed its goal, it would disband.
    Quality circles Quality circles search for ways to increase the effectiveness of work groups or departments through higher productivity and improved quality. The majority of teams falls into this category. Committees Committees investigate an issue or act as an advisory board to the organization. Committees typically remain together longer than other types of teams.
  5. 5Team sizeTeam size will vary depending on the organization and the purpose. Team size can range from two to several dozen people, but teams with eight to ten members are most common. This size allows each individual‘s voice to be heard, with members more likely to feel an integral part of the team.
  6. 6Team life cycleThe average life cycle of a team depends on the nature of the problem. Teams typically form when a problem or issue first emerges and remain together until the situation is fully addressed. This process can be as short as a month, or as long as ten years.
  7. 7ResponsibilitiesYour main responsibilities include the following:  Share work.  Collect information before team meetings.  Represent the team well.  Support the team.  Be accountable.
  8. 8Share workEach team member must do his or her share of the work required to meet the team‘s goals. In order for the team to be successful, you must fulfill your obligations and complete the tasks assigned to you.
  9. 9Collect information before team meetingsTeam members must arrive at meetings with the appropriate information. For example, if you volunteer to collect data on a topic and fail to do so, you will slow the progress of the entire team.
  10. 10Represent the team wellIt is important for you and your fellow team members to represent the team well to outsiders and to keep them informed of your progress. Presentations and interoffice memos are ways to accomplish this.
  11. 11Support the teamEach member needs to be supportive of the team and of one another. Even if you do not agree with your fellow team members‘ ideas, remaining supportive and open-minded will help maintain open communication within the team and demonstrate respect.
  12. 12Be accountableRegardless of whether you are on a traditional or self-directed work team, you should be accountable for the actions of the team and the completion of its goals. Accountability helps team members dedicate themselves to completing their responsibilities.
  13. 13Team ground rulesEstablishing ground rules is essentially taking the time to plan ahead. It is important to foresee problems before they occur and, if possible, develop a plan of action. By doing so, you and your fellow team members will be able to save time and frustration when facing difficult situations. Before the team begins its work, it is helpful to address the following questions: 1 How will decisions be made? 2 How will team progress be monitored? 3 How will we make sure meetings run effectively?
  14. 14Decision-making methodsConsensus and decision making method.
  15. 15ConsensusThe consensus method requires that each team member agree on the final decision. This is the most challenging and time-consuming method. Although it can be difficult to reach a consensus, this method results in each team member supporting the final decision.
  16. 16Majority rule methodmandates that the alternative receiving support from the greatest percentage of team members will be put into action. This type of decisionmaking is problematic because it can be difficult to generate support from team members in the minority.
  17. 17Monitoring team progressIt is important to decide ahead of time how team progress will be monitored. Although the team leader can monitor progress, it is best if the entire team is involved. Continually monitoring team progress will help to assess how the team is performing and to determine if it is on schedule. It is better to find out early if the team is having problems so you can make adjustments and get back on track. Regular progress reports and checklists are effective ways in which to monitor how well the team is adhering to the plan. Timeline diagrams that show major milestones with start and finish targets are also useful tools.
  18. 18Effective meetingsBefore your team begins its work, it needs to answer the following questions: 1 When are meetings going to be held? 2 Where will meetings be held? 3 How long will the meetings last? 4 Who will preside over the meetings?
  19. 19Stages of team buildingAs a team matures, members gradually learn to cope with the personal and group pressures they face. As a result, a team goes through four fairly predictable stages:  Forming  Storming  Norming  Conforming
  20. 20FormingWhen a team is forming, members begin to explore the boundaries of acceptable group behavior. Usually, team members experience a variety of emotions about what lies ahead, ranging from excitement and optimism to fear and anxiety.
  21. 21StormingThe storming stage, perhaps the most difficult, is characterized by conflict and hostility. Members begin to argue about what actions to take, and they might challenge each other‘s ideas. If the team is unable to pass through this stage, team success is unlikely.
  22. 22NormingIn the norming stage, group cohesion starts to develop as members work together and are supportive of one another. They learn to accept each other and capitalize on individual skills. As members work out their differences, they begin to make progress on achieving their goal.
  23. 23ConformingIn this stage, the team adopts a more unified approach and focuses its energy on achieving results. More importance is placed on accomplishing goals, interpersonal rivalries become less important, and the team begins to take pride in the progress it makes.
  24. 24Need for the four stagesMost teams go through these four stages, but not necessarily for the same amount of time. For example, some teams might reach the conforming stage in a month or two, while other teams might be stuck in the storming stage for a longer period of time than they would prefer. There are teams that do not work through the storming stage because they are fearful that expressing differences will tear the team apart. These teams fail to realize that allowing themselves to work through conflict can be beneficial. During conflict, new ideas are expressed, and teams learn the most effective way to work through problems. Familiarizing yourself with the typical stages teams pass through will relieve much of the anxiety you might feel about the team. Understanding these stages will keep you from overreacting to normal problems and prevent you and the other team members from setting unrealistic expectations.
  25. 25Team goalsTeams must set goals in order to determine what needs to be accomplished. Goals provide teams with a sense of direction and help them understand how their work fits into the overall mission of the organization.
  26. 26Effective goalsThe characteristics of effective goals can be remembered by learning the ―SMART‖ acronym
  27. 27Specific.A goal must be as specific as possible in order for team members to fully understand what needs to be accomplished.
  28. 28Measurable.In order to assess the team‘s progress you should develop measurable goals. Quantifiable targets help team members visualize the progress they have made.
  29. 29Achievable.It is important to set challenging goals, but they must be attainable. As goals are achieved, new, higher ones can be set. Unattainable goals discourage team members.
  30. 30Relevant.Goals must be relevant to the overall objective of the organization. If goals serve no purpose, it is a waste of time and money to pursue them.
  31. 31Time-based.Establishing a timeline for goals involves identifying deadlines and milestones. Using milestones allows the team to track its progress and helps break the goal into manageable segments.
  32. 32Understanding team goalsIt is important for members to understand their team‘s goals before they begin working. It is often assumed that everyone on the team shares the same vision. However, team members might have different objectives, causing them to strive for different goals. Clarifying team goals allows members to determine how their goals fit into the big picture, or the overall structure of the organization. Recognizing the purpose of the team‘s goals enables members to understand the significance of their work.
  33. 33Attaining team goalsTeamwork must be a collaborative effort if it is to be successful. Research indicates that the predominant factors that prevent teams from achieving their goals are personal and political agendas. If team members are motivated primarily by their own personal or political agendas, they lose sight of the team‘s overall goals, and unity within the team begins to break down. When members focus on what they can personally gain instead of what the team can gain, the group will lose sight of their original goal. However, when team members focus on accomplishing the team‘s goals, their individual efforts combine to achieve success for the team as a whole.
  34. 34Giving feedbackBeing able to give constructive feedback will help you be an effective team member. Providing constructive feedback to fellow team members will help them focus their energies on the team‘s goals and remain motivated to put forth their best effort. To be able to provide constructive criticism, you must know the following things:  When to give feedback  How to give feedback  How to receive feedback
  35. 35When to give feedbackBefore giving feedback, you must determine the right time to do so. Giving feedback to team members when they are frustrated, busy, or in a bad mood is never a good idea. An angry person is not likely to take feedback well. Make sure the time, place, and circumstances are appropriate, and remember to offer feedback only if the individual has the power to make the needed change. Do not offer feedback for the sole purpose of putting the other person on the spot. Try to remain supportive of your teammates at all times.
  36. 36How to give feedbackIt is important to be as descriptive as possible, providing specific information and examples. It is easy to exaggerate when trying to clarify a point, but not a good idea to do so. Comments such as, ―You‘re always late for deadlines,‖ are likely to initiate an argument or elicit a defensive response. When providing feedback, don‘t use labels such as ―unprofessional‖ or ―irresponsible.‖ Describe the individual‘s behavior and avoid labeling. It is important to remember not to refer to absent third parties in your discussion. Do not speak for other people. For example, avoid saying things like, ―A lot of people don‘t like it when you….‖ Refer only to how you feel about a situation, not how the other team members feel.
  37. 37How to receive feedbackWhen receiving feedback, listen carefully and ask questions if you are unclear about something. Paraphrase the message in your own words to let the people know you have heard and understood what they said. Take the time to sort out everything you have heard before responding to the feedback. It is reasonable to ask the person providing the feedback for time to think about what was said and how you feel about it. If necessary, make a specific appointment to talk with them to discuss the issue further.
  38. 38Positive reinforcementPositive reinforcement can help provide motivation. This kind of encouragement will let team members know that their efforts have been appreciated, which will motivate them to focus on their positive actions. If an attempt to positively reinforce your teammates comes across as anything less than sincere, you might receive a negative reaction. You can positively reinforce team members by adhering to the following guidelines:  Be genuine.  Provide encouragement.  Remain positive.  Offer support.  Identify specific action.  Be clear and easy to understand.  Give immediate reinforcement.
  39. 39Anticipating team problemsIt is helpful to be able to anticipate some of the more common problems that occur within teams so your team will be prepared to address them when they develop. Common team problems include the following:  Inefficient meetings  Difficulty reaching decisions  Performance problems  Inadequate resources  Groupthink
  40. 40Inefficient team meetingsIt is important to remain focused on the meeting‘s agenda as much as possible. As a team member, you can do your part by arriving at the meeting on time, being prepared, and encouraging your teammates to follow the agenda.
  41. 41Difficulty reaching decisionsThe team should have agreed upon how it is going to reach decisions at the beginning of the project, but when personalities and opinions conflict, tension will still result. By listening to each opposing viewpoint and respecting differences, team members will be able to determine which decision is most appropriate for a given situation.
  42. 42Performance problemsDealing with team members who do not pull their weight can be difficult. The team leader would normally be the appropriate person to address this, but if the team is selfdirected, the members must handle the situation themselves. Self-directed team members who have received adequate training should be able to perform any of the team‘s responsibilities. If this is not the case, or if the team members cannot handle their duties, it would be appropriate to discuss the issue as a team. However, discussing the issue with a supervisor or manager might be the only solution. Regardless of the type of team, it is important to identify why the team member is failing to fulfill responsibilities and what can be done to help.
  43. 43Inadequate resourcesIt is necessary to determine ahead of time where the team will turn for additional resources. For example, if the team needs more money, if a computer crashes, or if they simply do not have the necessary information readily available, they need to know where to seek help. Inadequate resources can hinder progress and make it difficult to achieve goals. Often the team will seek help from the team leader, a supervisor, or upper-level management when faced with these issues. It is important to determine to whom the team will turn if it encounters this problem.
  44. 44GroupthinkGroupthink is a condition that occurs when a team is more concerned about reaching consensus on an issue than critically examining a variety of alternatives. This attitude results in overconfidence, and often causes team members to withhold opinions, fearing they‘ll be opposed or rejected. Groupthink can be avoided by promoting open communication during team meetings. Members who feel they can offer their opinions without being harshly criticized will be more likely to share their thoughts, and a more thorough examination of the issue will be possible.
  45. 45Working togetherYou‘ll always encounter people whose beliefs, ideas, and personalities are different from your own, and in a team setting it is crucial to learn to work effectively with everyone. The success of the team depends on it. Remember that you are all striving to achieve the same goal. Learn to respect differences and keep an open mind. Attempting to understand your teammates will bring the team that much closer to meeting its goals.
  46. 46Personality typeAlthough you‘ll encounter many personality types in a team setting, the following are some of the most common:  Dominating  Reluctant  Unmotivated  Supporting  Gatekeeping
  47. 47DominatingThese individuals talk too much, attempt to dominate discussions, and think they have all the answers. They tend to discourage other team members from offering their input.
  48. 48ReluctantMany teams have one or two members who are shy and rarely speak out. They are afraid of sounding foolish and are too timid to answer questions. Some reluctant individuals feel that they might come across as boring, while others believe their opinions are simply not wanted.

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Beschreibung
Karteikarten am Communication, erstellt von raeesasirkhot am 27/05/2015.
Erstellt von
raeesasirkhot · Mai 2015
Aktualisiert
19 Feb 2016
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