Attachment overview

Attachment overview

1. Bowlbys Theory

   • A01. Monotropy, Adaptive and innate, Sensitive Period, Secure Base, Internal Working Model, Imprinting, Continunity Hypothesis, Social Releasers
   • A02. Harlows Monkeys- INSTICTIVE
   • A02. Hazan and Shaver- Love Quiz- CORRELATION in ATTACHMENT and ROMANCE

2. Learning Theory

   • A01. Operant Conditioning
     • REINENFORCEMENT
       • Positive
         • Negative
   • A01. Classical Conditioning
     • ASSOCIATION
       • Unconditioned Stimulus, Unconditioned Response,
   • A02. Harlows Monkeys- CONTRIDICTS
     • DID NOT LEARN AN ATTACHMENT

3. Ainsworth Strange Situation

   • A01. To see if there was different types of attachment
     • P- Used babies and children, controlled environment, set up situation
   • Measures of Attachment
     • 1. Seperation Anixety
     • 2. Stranger Anxiety
     • 3. Reunion Behaviour

4. Cultural Variations

   • A01. Meta Analysis of lots of researchers data
     • A- investigate culture differences in attachment P- 32 Studies in 8 Countries using Strange Situation, ANALYSED + COMPARED F- Secure most common , Germany High insecure avoidant, Israel High insecure resistant C- Common trend in different cultures, differences within cultures, occur due to different child rearing practises however OTHER FACTORS
       • A02. + Significant applications to Psychology - Not Truely representitive, Strange situation devised in America

5. Social Development- PEER RELATIONSHIPS+ AGGRESSION

   • DAY CARE
     • Shea et al. LESS aggressive, MORE sociable
   • 1. Distruption of attachment
     • A01. Little John, child away from primary care giver led to PROTEST, DESPAIR AND DISATTACHMENT
       • A02. Extreme clinginess, refuse carer SEPERATION
   • 2. Privation- Lack of Attachment
     • A01. Genie Czech Twins FAIL TO FORM
       • A02. Detailed case studies, cant generalise, ETHICS
   • 3. Institutional Care- No attachment
     • A01. Rutter, Romanian Orphans 3 groups- 1. Adopted before 6 months. 2. Adopted between 6 months and 2 year. 3. UK adoptees Main finding- Disinhibited attachment- no stranger anxiet
       • A02. + Natural experiment, High ecological validity, Significant applications to society - Sample issues, relatively small, reduces population validity
     • Negative effects- Disinhibited attachment, Cognitively lower IQ scores, Physically shorter in height