Flashcards
Human Rights
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1Definition of Human RightsHuman Rights: rights entitled to all people.
- Universal
- Inalienable
- Inherent
- Indivisible - 2Developing Recognition of Human Rights - Abolition of Slavery> Abolition of slavery: removal of freedom and liberty. Infringes a person's right to inherent life, freedom and liberty.
- 3- Trade Unionism and Labour Rights- Industrial Revolution > led to new struggles for labour rights
> Trade Unionism: collective groups of employees
- International Labour Organisation > work to restrict child labour. Recognition of rights to work as social and economic right. - 4- Universal Suffrage> Universal Suffrage: rights to vote. Participation in decision making of one's nations.
- 1894: SA first jurisdiction for women to vote. 1902 > Aust wide
- 1893: NZ first to initiate right to vote - 5Universal Education> Universal Education: obtaining information and skills. Enables awareness and understanding
- Education Act 1900 (NSW) - 6Self Determination> Self Determination: collective right.
- Some degree of personal autonomy over one's self, actions, and future.
- Native Title Act 1995 (Cth) > Mabo (1992) - 7Environmental Rights> Environmental Rights: collective right. Right of future generations to enjoy environmental quality of current generation.
- Intergenerational equity - 8Peace Rights> Peace Rights: collective right. Right of humans to live in peaceful environment.
- Free from war and conflicts
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights - 9Development of Human Rights Over Time1215 > Magma Carta: political agreement between King and landholders outlining basic rights of citizens. (no one overruled rights of people)
1688 > Bills of Rights: political agreement by English Crown and Parliament
1701 > Act of Settlement
1901 > Australian Constitution
1976 > ICCPR & ICESCR
1979 > Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against women: ensuring equal rights of women - 10Formal Statements of Human Rights - Universal Declaration-UDHR 1948
- Clarifies human rights and fundamental freedoms
- Purpose was design as 'soft law' rather than legally binding
- Believed more countries willing to sign up, incorporating into their domestic laws
- 48/58 UN member nations voted in favour of UDHR > compliance - 11International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)> Adopted 1966, in force 1976
- Recognises right to self-determination and abuse of discrimination
- Commits nations to respect civil and political rights of individuals
(right to life, freedom or religion, freedom of speech) - 12International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)> Adopted 1966, in force 1976
- Recognises right to determination and abuse of discrimination
- Commits nations to grant economic, social and cultural rights of individuals
(labour rights, right to health, right to education, right to adequate standard of living) - 13Promoting and Enforcing Human Rights - State SovereigntyState Sovereignty: authority of nation state to make their own decisions without outside interruption
- Situation in Syria > chemical weaponry used on own people
- Take actions for their own country or people without external influences
- ICCPR > China not ratifying - 14Roles of: - United NationsUnited Nation: promotes international respect for human rights
- 1945: Established through United Nations Charter
Purposes: maintain international peace & security, develop friendly relations, encouraging respect and centre for harmonising actions of nations
- GA: members vote in resolutions, hots conferences and draft international laws
- SC: 5 permanent members. Have power to veto over decisions.
EXAMPLE: North Korea face ICC for crimes against humanity
Information
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- Year 12 Legal Studies Flashcards on Human Rights, created by Samantha Pennisi on 12/09/2018.
- Created by
- Samantha Pennisi · Sep 2018
- Updated
- Sep 12, 2018
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