Flashcards
Farming before and after 1960's Green Revolution, The Great Dustbowl Tragedy
Cards in this deck (27)
- 1Have humans always been farmers?No, early humans were hunter-gatherers.
- 2What does being a hunter-gatherer mean?Humans feed themselves by living off wild plants (like fruit, seeds, berries, and roots) and hunting wild animals.
- 3When did humans start domesticating wild plants?Around 9500 B.C.
- 4What does it mean to domesticate wild plants?Humans would keep the best seeds from the wild plants to sow and grow in fields that they would look after. Then they kept the best seeds of those plants to replant. In this way, they changed the plants to benefit humans.
- 5How many main plant species were cultivated for human consumption in ancient times?8
- 6Name 5 anciently cultivated plant species that we still use today.wheat, barley, peas, chickpeas, flax
- 7Did agricultural technology stay the same through the ages?The basic technology stayed the same, but the size and effectiveness changed along with the evolution of human technology and civilisation.
- 8What are sickles used for, and what were the first sickles made from?They are used to cut wheat. The first sickles were made from baked clay.
- 9What did early farmers use to till the soil with, and what does it mean to till the soil?They would use sticks to carve narrow trenches in the soil to loosen it and allow the seeds to grow better.
- 10When where cattle domesticated?Around 3000 B.C
- 11How did domesticated cattle help farmers grow plants?They were used to pull heavy implements such as single shear ploughs.
- 12What important technological advancement allowed farmers to stop using wooden and clay tools, and why were the new tools better?Humans learned how to make tools from steel, which was much stronger and more effective.
- 13With the invention of steel tools and the domestication of horses, what new equipment developed?Horse drawn planters, ploughs, and wagons.
- 14What benefit did horse-drawn equipment have for farmers?It helped to increase the speed and effectiveness of farmars.
- 15When did modern farming methods change drastically, and what is this period of change called?In the 1960's in the 'Green Revolution'.
- 16Why did farming methods have to change so drastically in the 1960's?Farming could no longer meet the needs of an ever-growing population.
- 17What was the 1st factor that contributed to the limited production of food per hectare using older technologies?Animal-drawn equipment was slow, and so it limited the amount of land a farmer could work.
- 18What was the 2nd factor that contributed to the limited production of food per hectare using older technologies?Fertilizers were mainly animal manure which did not contain all the nutrients plants neede for optimal growth.
- 19What was the 3rd factor that contributed to the limited production of food per hectare using older technologies?They did not have high-quality seeds, which meant fewer plants gained maturity and were able to be harvested.
- 20During the Green Revolution, farmers found solutions to all the limiting factors. What impact did this have on food production?Harvest per hectare was doubled or tripled, and there was more food available for the ever-growing population.
- 21What major environmental tragedy happened in America in the 1930's, and why did it happen?The Great Dustbowl Tragedy. It happened because of negligent agricultural practices.
- 22What negligent agricultural practice of the 1930's allowed the Dustbowl Tragedy to occur?Agricultural technology allowed farmers to plough vast areas of land without planting it all at once.
- 23What weather event created the Dustbowl Tragedy, and what exactly did it do?Strong winds blew over the ploughed fields and blew away all the fertile topsoil, filling the air with dust.
- 24Why was it a problem that the topsoil was blown away?Without the fertile topsoil, crops could not grow properly.
- 25What economic impact did the Dustbowl Tragedy have?Farmers could not grow high-yielding crops and had nothing to sell. Many farmers lost all their money and farms.
- 26What were the 3 major negative effects of the Dustbowl Tragedy?1. Environmental devastation.
2. Negative impact on people's health.
3. Poverty. - 27What did people learn from The Great Dustbowl Tragedy?They realized the need to use sustainable agricultural practices.
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