Flashcards
Geologic Weathering and Sedimentary Rocks
Cards in this deck (32)
- 1WeatheringThe way that we get sediment and create soil can be chemical or physical
- 2WaterHas properties like cohesion and adhesion, Hydrogen bonding, polarity, meniscus form, universal solvent and surface tension
- 3AdhesionSticks to substances other than itself
- 4CohesionSticks to itself
- 5Chemical WeatheringEndoliths and Epiliths are organic chemical weathering, and Hydrolysis and Oxidation are also types of weathering
- 6EndolithsAre on the inside of a rock and dissolve the rock to suck up the nutrients
- 7EpilithsAre on the top of the rock and dissolve the rock to suck up the nutrients
- 8Hydrolysis and OxidationForm new minerals or oxidize to degrade the rock
- 9Physical WeatheringIncludes root pry, frost wedging, exfoliation, and abrasion
- 10Root PryHydrostatic pressure that builds up inside roots and breaks the rock
- 11Frost WedgingWater freezes in small rock cracks and expands
- 12ExfoliationGets rid of the outer surface layers to create "onion layers"
- 13AbrasionSediment grains collide with rocks to break them down
- 14FrictionIn terms of weathering, makes things stay put so they continue weathering. Forms soil not dirt
- 15GravityThings begin moving down and erosion occurs
- 16Formation of Sedimentary RocksSediment decompresses and turns into sedimentary rock, which then erodes to form sediment
- 17Signs in Sedimentary Rocks(Layers, Sediment and Fossils) but mainly texture and composition
- 18TextureGrain size, grain sorting, grain shape and grain smoothness
- 19Clastic FormationMade from pieces of other rock
- 20Bioclastic FormationMade of pieces of organism hard parts
- 21Chemical FormationWhen it forms from a precipitate from solution
- 22Organic FormationWhen the rock was formed from plant bearing material
- 23Sedimentary FormationCan be clastic, bioclastic, chemical or organic
- 24Grain SizeCan be sandstone sized, siltstone, shale, etc.
- 25Grain SortingCan be well-sorted, poorly sorted and have maturity based on the levels of sorting
- 26Grain ShapeCan be spherical, round, flat, etc. and is more or less mature depending
- 27Grain SmoothnessCan be well rounded or angular and more or less mature depending. Conglomerate or Breccia
- 28ConglomerateA well rounded smoothness of grain
- 29BrecciaAn angular smoothness of grain
- 30CompositionIncludes grain composition and cement
- 31Grain CompositionCan be silicate, carbonate, sulfate, halides, iron, etc.
- 32CementIs calcite, silica or even iron based glue that holds the grains together